Flashcards in Management Deck (55)
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1
Pulmonary embolus
Haemodynamically unstable
1st line: analgesics, fluids, oxygen (>94%)
Thrombolysis (alteplase)
Embolectomy
2
Pulmonary embolus
Haemodynamically stable
1st line: analgesics, fluids, oxygen (>94%)
LMWH/fondaparinux for 5 days/INR>2
Start warfarin at the same time
3
40yr Pt
Primary pneumothorax <2cm
O2
Consider discharge
4
40yr Pt
Primary pneumothorax >2cm
Aspirate
If unsuccessful, insert an intercostal drain
5
>50yr Pt OR
Secondary pneumothorax <1cm
High flow O2
6
>50yr Pt OR
Secondary pneumothorax 1-2cm
Aspirate
If <1cm, high flow O2
If still >1cm, intercostal drain
7
>50yr Pt OR
Secondary pneumothorax >2cm
Intercostal drain
8
Tension pneumothorax
Needle decompression
-2nd intercostal mid-clavicular
O2
9
Low severity pneumonia
Oral amoxicillin
Oxygen
Analgesics
Fluids
10
Moderate severity pneumonia
Oral/IV amoxicillin + macrolide (eg. clarithromycin)
Oxygen
Analgesics
Fluids
11
High severity pneumonia
IV co-amoxiclav + macrolide (eg. clarithromycin)
Oxygen
Analgesics
Fluids
12
Legionella pneumophila pneumonia
IV macrolide or fluoroquinolone
(Clarithromycin or ciprofloxacin)
13
Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP)
High dose co-trimoxazole
14
Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia
Piptazobactam
(Piperacillin + tazobactam)
15
Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia
Erythromycin/clarithromycin
16
Methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia
Flucloxacillin
17
Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia
Vancomycin
18
H pylori-induced ulcer
PPI
Clarithromycin
Amoxicillin OR metronidazole
19
H pylori negative ulcer
PPI or H2 antagonist (ranitidine)
20
Haemorrhagic peptic ulcer
Visualise bleed (endoscopy)
Adrenaline
IV PPI
+/- transfusion
21
Perforated peptic ulcer
NBM
IV ABx
Surgery
22
Hiatus hernia
Risk factor modification
PPI
Nissen fundoplication
23
Oseophageal varices
ABCDE
Fluid resus
Terlipressin- reduce portal hypertension
Endoscopy- band ligation is first line
24
Cholelithiasis
Cholecystectomy
25
Choledocholithiasis
ERCP
26
Appendicitis
Appendectomy
Metronidazole and cefuroxime prophylactic ABx
27
Septic arthritis
IV ABx after aspiration
Analgesia
Consider joint washout under GA
28
Acute gout
NSAIDs (naproxen, ibuprofen, diclofenac)
Colchicine
29
Chronic gout
Conservative management
Allopurinol
30