Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Final Countdown > 2 > Flashcards

2 Flashcards

(117 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

3 factors that influence incremental validity

A

1) Base rate
2) Validity coefficient
3) Selection ratio

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Holland’s 6 personality types

A

RIASEC

1) Realistic
2) Investigative
3) Artistic
4) Social
5) Enterprising
6) Conventional

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Incremental validity

A

The increase in decision making accuracy resulting from the use of a particular predictor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Prefrontal cortex is associated with what type of memory

A

Short term memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Personal fable

A

The belief that one is unique and invulnerable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

When can criterion contamination occur?

A

When ratings are used as the criterion measure in a predictive equation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Most important factors in higher functioning groups

A

Interpersonal learning and universality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Concordance rate for unrelated people living in a similar environment in terms of intelligence

A

0.17

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Effect of criterion contamination

A

Increasing the validity coefficient of a job selection test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

When does Stranger Anxiety develop

A

8-10 months and peaks at 18 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Severing the corpus callosum would impact what?

A

Sensory systems

Will have trouble verbally identifying stimuli received by sensory systems on the left side because those signals were received by the right hemisphere and not “shared” with the let hemisphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Magical thinking

A

Erroneous belief that one has control over objects or events

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Most critical component of systematic desensitization

A

Repeated exposure to the CS without presence of the US

Classical extinction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Who is associated with adolescent egocentrism?

A

Elkind

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Impairment Index on the Halstead-Reitan

A

Calculated by adding the number of subtests on which the examinee scored below the cutoff and dividing the sum by the total number of subtests.

The higher the score, the greater the likelihood of brain damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Autoplastic

A

Changing or adapting to the environment by altering one’s own behaviors or responses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Paradoxical intention with behavior therapists

A

Engaging in the behavior is incompatible with the fear of that behavior and the fear is neutralized.

It helps to eliminate the anticipatory anxiety

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Centration

A

Limitation of preoperational thought that leads a child to focus on one aspect of a situation and neglect others, often leading to illogical conclusions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Interference theory of forgetting

A

Forgetting of a given piece of information is caused by interference from other information.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Symptoms during acute phase of Hypoglycemia

A

Panic and anxiety

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Lesion on the occipital lobe result in:

A

Loss of depth perception and visual agnosia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Introspection in Gestalt therapy

A

Represent a disturbance in the boundary between self and others.

Involves absorbing the values or behaviors of others, including the larger socially, without really understanding or assimilating those values or behaviors.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Prevalence rates for mental disorders in people 65 or older

A

Lower than any other age group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Morpheme

A

The smallest unit of language which carries meaning

I.e. reading is 2 morphemes - read and ing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Timothy Crow’s 2 types of Schizophrenia
Type I - more likely due to neurotransmitter irregularities Type II - poorer prognosis, majority of symptoms start in adolescence, doesn’t respond to most antipsychotics, most likely due to brain structure abnormalities
26
Delinquency has been linked to what parental characteristics:
1) Lax supervision 2) Nonenforcement of rules 3) Noninvolvement in the child’s life
27
Neurotransmitter involved in Alzheimer’s
Acetylcholine
28
Order effects
Aka carryover effects In repeated measures designs or in studies in which the same subjects are exposed to more than one treatment.
29
Berne’s transaction
The term for communication between ego states
30
Larry P. V. Riles case
Defined the relationship between standard intelligence assessments and placement in Mental Retardation classes It banned the use of IQ tests in the placement of minority children in special education classes.
31
Two types of construct validity
Convergent and divergent validity
32
Type I error
Null hypothesis is wrongly rejected
33
Type II errors
When the null hypothesis is not rejected when it is in fact false.
34
Theme interference with mental health consultation
When a worker displaces past or present personal problems onto a task situation at work.
35
AVPU Scale
Primarily used after injury occurs or as pre-hospital information. Rates if someone is alert, responds to voice, responds to pain or is unresponsive.
36
Superior colliculus
Part of the tectum and mediates vision
37
Alloplastic
Changing or adapting to the environment by effecting change in the environment.
38
Most common type of dementia over age 65
Alzheimer’s type
39
When is multiple regression not appropriate
When the characteristics measured by the different predictors are non compensatory
40
Disability Rating Scale
For gauging general level of disability from non to extreme vegetative state
41
Where is the postcentral gyrus
In the parietal lobe
42
Forced-choice method
Pairs of statements about job performance that both appear equally favorable or unfavorable, but the statements in each pair actually differentiate between good and poor performing individuals
43
Four regions of the spinal cord
1) Cervical 2) Thoracic 3) Lumbar 4) Sacral
44
Early signs of Huntington’s disease
Changes in affect
45
What does Berne call a person’s life plan
A script
46
What is a percentile rank
Compares one examinee’s scores with all other examinee’s scores
47
What is Holland’s theory of career choices a reflection of
Personality
48
Behavioral styles based on hemisphere damage
Left - slow and cautious behavioral style | Right - Quick impulsive style
49
Coefficient of determination
Calculated by squaring a correlation coefficient Indicates the proportion of variability shared by the 2 variables or the proportion of variability in one variable that can be accounted for by variability in the other.
50
Results of withdrawing drug after experiencing tardrive dyskinesia
May initially exacerbate symptoms but eventually results in a decrease in symptoms
51
Right side hemiplegia impacts what part of the brain
Left side
52
Twin rates for schizophrenia
Identical - 46% | Fraternal - 17%
53
Better prognosis for schizophrenia include what factors:
1) Female 2) Later age of onset 3) positive symptoms
54
Agnosia
Inability to interpret sensations and recognize things
55
Lesion on the temporal lobe result in:
Hallucination, delusions, and mood disturbances
56
Onset of vascular dementia
Patchy
57
Three most important factors in group process
1) Interpersonal learning 2) Catharsis 3) Cohesiveness
58
Item difficulty (p) index is what kind of scale
Ordinal bc it does not necessarily indicate equivalent differences in difficulty
59
Who is associated with the 5 bases of social power
French and Raven
60
Social learning theory when applied to family and marital therapy
Emphasis is on behavioral methodology as well as communication and problem solving.
61
Gertsmann’s syndrome
Attributed to lesions of the parietal lobe and in some stroke victims Symptoms include acalculia, agraphia, difficulty distinguishing right from left, and finger agnosia
62
Two basic factors identified from factors analyses of leadership qualities
1) Task orientation (instrumentality) | 2) Consideration
63
Avolition
Lack of initiative or goals
64
Illusion
Misperception of a real stimulus
65
4 types of influences on Krumboltz’s social learning theory of career decision making
1) Genetic characteristics and special abilities 2) Environmental conditions and events 3) Learning experiences 4) Performance standards and values
66
Lower thoracic region is responsible for what
The trunk
67
Incremental validity is greatest when
1) The base rate is moderate 2) The validity coefficient is high 3) selection ratio is low
68
C8 is responsible for what
Ring and little fingers
69
Who is associated with the Need for Achievement theory
McClelland
70
Primary prevention
Aims to prevent problems before they occur
71
Elaborate rehearsal
Thinking about how new information relates to existing memory
72
Raven’s Progressive Matrices
A non-verbal assessment of abstract reasoning and a fairly good predictor of general cognitive functioning.
73
Hawthorne Effect
When subjects behave differently because they are participating in research
74
Holophrase
A whole word, which when combined with gestures and intonation can express an entire thought.
75
Alogia
Speechlessness
76
What is in the tegmentum?
Substantia nigra
77
Test’s validity and reliability coefficients
A test’s validity coefficient can never be higher than the square root of the its reliability coefficient
78
Inoculation
Exposing a person to a weak argument against one’s position reduces the likelihood that they will change their minds with a persuasive message
79
5 bases of social power
1) Legitimate 2) Expert 3) Referent 4) Coercive 5) Reward
80
Substantia nigra
In the tegmentum and is part of the brain’s sensorimotor system
81
Phoneme
Smallest unit of language Can distinguish meaning of different words, but by itself, does not carry meaning I.e. “b” and “m” distinguish between bet and met
82
Conclusion of Smith and Glass’’ meta analysis
Individuals who received psychotherapy were better off than 80% of controls
83
Kluver-Bucy Syndrome
Associated with lesions on the amygdala and characterized by reduced fear and aggression, increased acquiescence, and hyper sexuality.
84
What is in the tectum?
Inferior colliculus and the superior colliculus
85
What are conditions that may permit the use of a selection or other employment procedure that results in an adverse impact?
Business necessity and job relatedness
86
Consultee-centered case consultation is most like
Technical supervision
87
Leniency bias
Tendency of a rather to give all ratees positive ratings
88
Secondary prevention
Early detection and treatment of problems before they develop into full-blown illness with long-term consequences.
89
Bem’s self-perception theory
When internal cues are weak or difficult to interpret, we rely on observations of our behavior and/or circumstances in which this behavior occurs to interpret our attitudes, emotions, and other internal states. We base out attitudes on our behaviors
90
Who is associated with Social Learning Theory of Career Decision Making?
Krumboltz
91
Characteristics of Sleep Terror Disorder
1) Repeated occurrence of sleep terrors 2) Begins between 4 and 12 3) Resolves spontaneously in adolescence 4) Frequency varies over time 5) More common in males than female in childhood
92
What is in the postcentral gyrus
Somatosensory cortex
93
Three needs underlying motivation in McClelland’s Need for Achievement theory
1) Need for achievement 2) Need for power 3) Need for affiliation
94
Glasgow Coma Scale
Standardized test that rates 3 categories of patient responses: 1. Eye opening 2. Best motor response 3. Best verbal response
95
Primary versus recency effect in terms of time
Within the first few seconds after presentation, recency effect is more powerful. For longer intervals, primacy effect has been shown to be stronger.
96
What type of theory is Super’s theory
Developmental or stage theory
97
Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery looks at what:
``` Attention Language Memory Abstract thinking Motor speed Spatial reasoning ```
98
Clearly model of test fairness: when is a test considered unfair
When the slope and/or the y intercept of the regression line is different for one subgroup than for another
99
What has been deemphasized in Alloy, Abramson, and Metalky’s learned helplessness model of depression?
Attributions - They are now only important at when they contribute to the feelings of hopelessness
100
Lumbar region is responsible for what
Hip, thigh, and leg
101
Medial temporal lobe is associated with what type of memory
Long term
102
Tertiary Prevention
After an illness or problem has been treated and is designed to prevent recurrence of the problem
103
Inferior colliculus
Part of the tectum and involve in audition
104
Impact of damage to the temporal lobe on memory
Produces deficits in declarative memory with episodic memory being affected more than semantic memory
105
Where is the hypothalamus
In the diencephalon
106
Rancho Los Amigo Scale
Evaluation of 8 levels of cognitive functioning administered in acute rehab settings following release from ICU
107
Cass’ process of homosexual identity development
1) Identity awareness (conscious of being different) 2) Identity comparison (believes may be homosexual, acts heterosexual) 3) Identity intolerance (realizes is homosexual) 4) Identity acceptance (begins to explore gay community) 5) Identity pride (active in community) 6) Synthesis (fully accepts self and others)
108
Purpose of the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery
To provide an overall assessment of brain functioning
109
What has the greatest impact on self-esteem in children?
Androgyny is associated with the highest levels of self esteem Gender-role identity has a greater impact than biological sex
110
Onset of pseudodementia
Gradual but consistent
111
Symptoms during chronic phase of Hypoglycemia
Depression, psychosis, and/or personality changes
112
Berne’s script
Reflects the persons characteristic pattern or giving and receiving strokes
113
Most important factor in lower functioning client groups
Instillation of hope
114
What is most effective per goal-setting theory
When goals are at least moderately difficult and specific feedback regarding progress is provided
115
Lesion on the parietal lobe result in:
Impaired spatial orientation
116
Troiden’s age-graded model
1) Sensitization 2) Identity confusion 3) Identity assumption 4) Commitment
117
T1 is responsible for what
The hand and arm

Final Countdown (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions