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EyeGlass Theory > 2 - Frame Materials, Construction, & Measurement Part 1 > Flashcards

2 - Frame Materials, Construction, & Measurement Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Name 6 types of frame constructions.

A

Plastic Frames
Half Eyes
Combination Frame
Semi-rimless/numont
Metal Frame
Nylon cord Frame

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2
Q

When describing the frame construction what is the consideration?

A

Construction is based on the material of the eye wire/ frame front as this is relevant to ordering the lenses

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3
Q

What is Monel Metal made from?

A

Mainly comprised of nickel alloys and cooper

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4
Q

What are 6 advantages of Monel Metal?

A

Easy to adjust
Holds adjustment well
Strong
Available in wide range of colors
Solder repairs are possible

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5
Q

What are 2 disadvantages of Monel Metal?

A

Possible allergies to nickel
Breakage while adjusting after multiple bends

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6
Q

What is Aluminum made from? 7

A

alloyed with copper, silicone, iron, bronze, manganese, zinc, chromium.

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7
Q

What is 5 advantages to aluminum?

A

Very lightweight
Strong but must be made stronger to increase strength
Corrosion resistant (treated)
Malleable (when making frames)
Durable (many different shapes)

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8
Q

What is the disadvantages of Aluminum? 2

A

Does not solder well
Excessive bending can result in weak spots and breakage

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9
Q

What are 5 advantages of stainless steel?

A

Lightweight (less material needed)
Very strong
Corrosion resistant
Extremely flexible
Low chance of allergic reaction (Not hypoallergenic)

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10
Q

What are 3 disadvantages of stainless steel?

A

Hard to solder
Limited range of colors (matte finish usually)
Temples are generally paper clip thin

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11
Q

What are 5 advantages of titanium?

A

Half the weight of a monel frame of the exact same design.
Extremely lightweight
Corrosion proof
Very strong
Hypoallergenic

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12
Q

What are 3 disadvantages of titanium?

A

Hard to manufacture (Expensive)
Not always 100% titanium
Quality varies depending on manufacturer

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13
Q

What is 3 advantages of Memory Metal?

A

Bends and does not break
Returns to original shape after being bent or twisted
Lightweight

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14
Q

What are 2 disadvantages of Memory Metal?

A

Design limitations
Difficult to adjust

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15
Q

What are 6 characteristics of Bronze?

A

Alloy traditionally made from copper or tin
Corrosion resistant
Lightweight
Takes color well
Mainly used in production of temples
High elasticity while retaining tensile strength.

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16
Q

What are 4 characteristics of Magnesium?

A

Even lighter than titanium
Exceptionally durable
The exterior frame is sealed because of risk of corrosion
Often used in combination as an alloy with other metals.

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17
Q

What are the 3 most common plastic used in frames?

A

Zyl, Zylonite, Cellulose Acetate

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18
Q

What are 5 advantages of Plastic material?

A

Lightweight
Molded to a variety of shapes
Available in many colors
Easy to adjust
Strong

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19
Q

What is the name of 7 metals that can be used to make frames?

A

Monel Metal
Bronze
Titanium
Stainless Steel
Aluminum
Magnesium
Memory Metal

19
Q

What are 3 disadvantages of using a plastic material?

A

High heat can damage or melt the frame causing it to lose shape
Brittles over time
Discolour as it ages

20
Q

Name 4 other metals

A

Colbalt
Palladium
Ruthernium
Beryllium

21
Q

Name 5 other plastics

A

Bakelite
Galalith
Optyl (memory plastic)
Polyamade (nylon)(cold insert)
Propionate

22
Q

What kind of material do we need to use for a High Plus Rx and why?

A

Needs to hold adjustments well as slight movements can cause prism.

23
Q

What is the relationship between end pieces and papillary distances?

A

Large head - Long end pieces to keep frame lens size a good size.
Small head - Small end piece to keep frame lens size the right size

24
Q

What are the 3 methods to take an Anatomic PD

A

Using a frame
Using a ruler and a penlight
Pupilometer

25
Q

What is the anatomic PD?

A

Distance between centre of one pupil to the centre of the other pupil

26
Q

What are common 7 reasons why it may be difficult cause errors?

A

Optician can’t close one eye
Px is strabismic
Px is a young child
PD difference between Px + Optician
Too close to Px
Improper Ruler tilt
Opticians fails to close one eye.

27
Q

Recite + Look at Frame method steps in Powerpoint

A
28
Q

Recite + Look at Penlight + Ruler method steps in Powerpoint

A
29
Q

Look at anatomy of Pupilometer in Powerpoint

A
30
Q

Recite+Look at Pupilometer method steps in Powerpoint

A
31
Q

What material is ‘best for sports + safety frames’?

A

Polycarbonate

32
Q

What material is ‘strong and durable material used for templates’?

A

Titanium

33
Q

What material is ‘cut into sheets and milled’?

A

Cellulose Acetate

34
Q

What material is ‘used for temples because of strength + flexibility?

A

Stainless steel

35
Q

An extensively used frame material that is extracted from cotton or wood pulp and then further processed and milled into sheets to make frames. It becomes brittle with age, and if left uncoated, can absorb materials which might create allergic reactions.

A

Cellulose Acetate

36
Q

A flammable frame material no longer used because it has been banned by the FDA.

A

Cellulose Nitrate

37
Q

A material known for its high flexibility which is maintained by periodically soaking the material in water overnight.

A

Nylon

38
Q

A material that is strong but can be made with 72% of the weight of cellulose acetate. This material can be opaque or translucent and is resistant to chemicals and solvents. This material is hypoallergenic.

A

Polyamide

39
Q

This material is 60% the weight of cellulose acetate. This material is used to create a thin and strong frame.

A

Carbon Fiber

40
Q

This frame material is used for sport or safety reasons because it is highly impact resistant. However, they do not typically work well for conventional frames because they are hard to adjust.

A

Polycarbonate

41
Q

This material is made from a mixture of iron and chrome and is highly resistant to corrosion.

A

Stainless steel

42
Q

This material is extremely light weight, and it 48% lighter than other metal materials. It is strong, corrosion resistant, hypoallergenic.

A

Titanium

43
Q

This material is pliable for good adjustment, resists corrosion, and accepts a high polish. It is made of nickel, copper, iron, and traces of other elements, although it is typically 63% to 70% nickel.

A

Monel metal

44
Q

Contains more than 50% copper, 25% nickel, with the remaining element of this material being zinc.

A

German silver

45
Q

What are 3 hypoallergenic frame materials?

A

Titanium
Polyamide
Stainless steel

EyeGlass Theory (25 decks)

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