2013-4-13 Flashcards

Question

auditor

Answer 1

au•dit•or /ˈɔ:dɪtə(r)/ noun 1 a person who officially examines the business and financial records of a company 审计员；稽核员 2 (NAmE) a person who attends a college course, but without having to take exams and without receiving credit （大学课程的）旁听生

Answer 2

dis•tract /dɪˈstrækt/ verb [VN] ~ sb/sth (from sth) to take sb's attention away from what they are trying to do 转移（注意力）；分散（思想）；使分心 SYN DIVERT : You're distracting me from my work. 你使我不能专心工作。 Don't talk to her—she's very easily distracted. 不要同她讲话 ── 她的注意力很容易分散。 It was another attempt to distract attention from the truth. 这又是企图分散人们对事实真相的注意力。 # dis•tract•ing adj. : distracting thoughts 令人分心的想法 a distracting noise 使人心烦意乱的嘈杂声

Answer 3

ne•ces•sity /nəˈsesəti/ noun 1 [U] ~ (for sth) | ~ (of sth/of doing sth) | ~ (to do sth) the fact that sth must happen or be done; the need for sth 必然；必要；需要: We recognize the necessity for a written agreement. 我们认为有必要签订一份书面协议。 We were discussing the necessity of employing more staff. 我们在讨论是否需要雇用更多员工。 There had never been any necessity for her to go out to work. 她从来就没有出去工作的必要。 This is, of necessity, a brief and incomplete account. 这必然是一份简略的、不完全的描述。 2 [C] a thing that you must have and cannot manage without 必需的事物；必需品: Many people cannot even afford basic necessities such as food and clothing. 许多人甚至买不起食物和衣服之类的基本必需品。 Air-conditioning is an absolute necessity in this climate. 这样的气候绝对需要有空调。 3 [C, usually sing.] a situation that must happen and that cannot be avoided 必然性；不可避免的情况: Living in London, he felt, was an unfortunate necessity. 他觉得在伦敦生活是逼于无奈。 IDM neˌcessity is the ˌmother of inˈvention (saying) a difficult new problem forces people to think of a solution to it 需要是发明之母 ➡ more at VIRTUE

Answer 4

re•gu•lar•ity /ˌregjuˈlærəti/ noun 1 [U] the fact that the same thing happens again and again, and usually with the same length of time between each time it happens 规律性；经常性: Aircraft passed overhead with monotonous regularity. 飞机一次又一次反复从头顶飞过。 2 [U] the fact that sth is arranged in an even way or in an organized pattern 匀称；端正；有规则的分布: the striking regularity of her features 她的五官非常端正 3 [C] a thing that has a pattern to it 有规则的东西；有规律的事物: They had observed regularities in the behaviour of the animals. 他们曾观察过这些动物的习性。 ➡ compare IRREGULARITY

Answer 5

mon•ot•on•ous /məˈnɒtənəs; NAmE məˈnɑ:t-/ adj. never changing and therefore boring 单调乏味的 SYN DULL , REPETITIOUS : a monotonous voice/diet/routine 单调乏味的声音╱饮食╱日常事务 monotonous work 单调乏味的工作 New secretaries came and went with monotonous regularity. 秘书不停地更换，令人厌烦。 # mon•ot•on•ous•ly adv.

Answer 6

con•form•ity /kənˈfɔ:məti; NAmE -ˈfɔ:rm-/ noun [U] ~ (to/with sth) (formal) behaviour or actions that follow the accepted rules of society （对社会规则的）遵从，遵守 IDM in conˈformity with sth following the rules of sth; conforming to sth 遵循（规则）；与…相符合（或一致）: regulations that are in conformity with European law 符合欧洲法律的条例

Answer 7

dis•crim•in•ate /dɪˈskrɪmɪneɪt/ verb 1 ~ (between A and B) | ~ A from B to recognize that there is a difference between people or things; to show a difference between people or things 区别；辨别；区分 SYN DIFFERENTIATE , DISTINGUISH : [V] The computer program was unable to discriminate between letters and numbers. 这计算机程序不能辨别字母与数字。 [VN] When do babies learn to discriminate voices? 婴儿什么时候学会辨别嗓音呢？ A number of features discriminate this species from others. 有许多特征使这一物种与其他物种区别开来。 2 [V] ~ (against sb) | ~ (in favour of sb) to treat one person or group worse/better than another in an unfair way 区别对待；歧视；偏袒: practices that discriminate against women and in favour of men 重男轻女的做法 It is illegal to discriminate on grounds of race, sex or religion. 因种族、性别或宗教信仰而有所歧视是非法的。

Answer 8

spe•cies /ˈspi:ʃi:z/ noun (pl. spe•cies) a group into which animals, plants, etc. that are able to breed with each other and produce healthy young are divided, smaller than a GENUS and identified by a Latin name 种，物种（分类上小于属）: a rare species of beetle 一种稀有甲虫 There are many species of dog(s). 狗有许多种。 a conservation area for endangered species 濒危物种保护区

Answer 9

bee•tle /ˈbi:tl/ noun, verb ■noun 1 an insect, often large and black, with a hard case on its back, covering its wings. There are several types of beetle. 甲虫 ➡ see also DEATH-WATCH BEETLE 2 Beetle ™ (NAmE also bug) the English name for the original Volkswagen small car with a round shape at the front and the back “甲壳虫”小汽车（一款大众牌小汽车的英语名称） ■verb [V+adv./prep.] (BrE, informal) to move somewhere quickly 快速移动 SYN SCURRY : I last saw him beetling off down the road. 我上次见到他时，他正快步沿路而去。

Answer 10

en•quir•ing (also in•quir•ing especially in NAmE ) /ɪnˈkwaɪərɪŋ/ adj. [usually before noun] 1 showing an interest in learning new things 爱探索的；好奇的；好问的: a child with an enquiring mind 有好奇心的孩子 2 asking for information 探询的；探究的: an enquiring look 探询的神色 # en•quir•ing•ly (also in•quir•ing•ly especially in NAmE ) adv.

Answer 11

fruit•ful /ˈfru:tfl/ adj. 1 producing many useful results 成果丰硕的；富有成效的 SYN PRODUCTIVE : a fruitful collaboration/discussion 富有成效的合作╱讨论 OPP FRUITLESS 2 (literary) (of land or trees 土地或树木) producing a lot of crops 富饶的；丰产的 # fruit•ful•ly /ˈfru:tfəli/ adv. # fruit•ful•ness /ˈfru:tfəlnəs/ noun [U]

Answer 12

con•cise /kənˈsaɪs/ adj. 1 giving only the information that is necessary and important, using few words 简明的；简练的；简洁的: a concise summary 简明扼要的总结 clear concise instructions 言简意赅的说明 2 [only before noun] (of a book 书籍) shorter than the original book, on which it was based 简略的；简缩的；简明的: a concise dictionary 简明词典 # con•cise•ly adv. # con•cise•ness (also less frequent con•ci•sion /kənˈsɪʒn/) noun [U]

Answer 13

keen /ki:n/ adj., verb ■adj. (keen•er, keen•est) EAGER/ENTHUSIASTIC 热切；热情 1 (especially BrE) ~ (to do sth) | ~ (that …) | ~ (on doing sth) wanting to do sth or wanting sth to happen very much 渴望；热切；热衷于 SYN EAGER : John was very keen to help. 约翰很热心，愿意帮忙。 We are keen that our school should get involved too. 我们盼着自己学校也参与其中。 I wasn't too keen on going to the party. 我不太想去参加这次聚会。 2 [usually before noun] enthusiastic about an activity or idea, etc. 热情的；热心的: a keen sportsman 热心运动的人 one of the keenest supporters of the team 这个队最热情的支持者之一 LIKING SB/STH 喜爱 3 ~ on sb/sth/on doing sth (BrE, informal) liking sb/sth very much; very interested in sb/sth 喜爱；（对…）着迷，有兴趣: Tom's very keen on Anna. 汤姆迷上了安娜。 She's not keen on being told what to do. 她不喜欢别人向她发号施令。 ➡ note at LIKE CLEVER 聪明 4 [only before noun] quick to understand 思维敏捷的；机灵的；机智的: a keen mind/intellect 敏捷的思考╱头脑 SYN SHARP , ACUTE IDEAS/FEELINGS 思想感情 5 [usually before noun] strong or deep 强烈的；浓厚的；深厚的: a keen sense of tradition 强烈的传统意识 He took a keen interest in his grandson's education. 他对孙子的教育很感兴趣。 SENSES 感官 6 [only before noun] highly developed 灵敏的；敏锐的 SYN SHARP : Dogs have a keen sense of smell. 狗的嗅觉很灵敏。 My friend has a keen eye for (= is good at noticing) a bargain. 我的朋友最会发现便宜货。 COMPETITION 竞争 7 involving people competing very hard with each other for sth 激烈的；紧张的: There is keen competition for places at the college. 要在这所学院就读竞争是非常激烈的。 PRICES 价格 8 (especially BrE) kept low in order to compete with other prices 低廉的；有竞争力的 SYN COMPETITIVE , SHARP WIND 风 9 (literary) extremely cold 寒冷刺骨的 KNIFE 刀 10 [usually before noun] (literary) having a sharp edge or point 锋利的；锐利的 # keen•ly adv. : a keenly fought contest 争夺激烈的比赛 We were keenly aware of the danger. 我们深知其危险。 # keen•ness noun [U] IDM (as) ˌkeen as ˈmustard (BrE, informal) wanting very much to do well at sth; enthusiastic 极其渴望；极为热心；非常热情 ➡ more at MAD ■verb [V] (usually used in the progressive tenses 通常用于进行时) (old-fashioned) to make a loud high sad sound, when sb has died （为死者）恸哭，哀号

Answer 14

imply /ɪmˈplaɪ/ verb (im•plies, im•ply•ing, im•plied, im•plied) 1 to suggest that sth is true or that you feel or think sth, without saying so directly 含有…的意思；暗示；暗指: [V (that)] Are you implying (that) I am wrong? 你的意思是不是说我错了？ [VN] I disliked the implied criticism in his voice. 我讨厌他暗中批评的口吻。 [also VN that] ➡ note at INFER 2 to make it seem likely that sth is true or exists 说明；表明 SYN SUGGEST : [V (that)] The survey implies (that) more people are moving house than was thought. 调查显示，准备搬家的人口比想象的要多。 [VN] The fact that she was here implies a degree of interest. 她到场就说明了她有一定程度的兴趣。 [also VN that] 3 [VN] (of an idea, action, etc. 思想、行为等) to make sth necessary in order to be successful 必然包含；使有必要 SYN MEAN : The project implies an enormous investment in training. 这个项目需要在培训方面做巨大的投资。 ➡ see also IMPLICATION

Answer 15

im•pli•ca•tion /ˌɪmplɪˈkeɪʃn/ noun 1 [C, usually pl.] ~ (for/of sth) a possible effect or result of an action or a decision 可能的影响（或作用、结果）: The development of the site will have implications for the surrounding countryside. 这个地点的开发将会影响周围的乡村。 They failed to consider the wider implications of their actions. 他们没有考虑到他们的行动会产生更广泛的影响。 2 [C, U] something that is suggested or indirectly stated (= sth that is implied) 含意；暗指: The implication in his article is that being a housewife is greatly inferior to every other occupation. 他那篇文章的含意是，当家庭主妇远远不如所有其他职业。 He criticized the Director and, by implication, the whole of the organization. 他抨击主管，其实是间接批评了整个机构。 3 [U] ~ (of sb) (in sth) the fact of being involved, or of involving sb, in sth, especially a crime （被）牵连，牵涉 SYN INVOLVEMENT : He resigned after his implication in a sex scandal. 他在涉及一件性丑闻之后辞职了。

Answer 16

prof•it•able /ˈprɒfɪtəbl; NAmE ˈprɑ:f-/ adj. 1 that makes or is likely to make money 有利润的；赢利的: a highly profitable business 一家赢利很高的企业 It is usually more profitable to sell direct to the public. 向社会大众直销往往获利较高。 ➡ note at SUCCESSFUL 2 that gives sb an advantage or a useful result 有益的；有好处的 SYN REWARDING : She spent a profitable afternoon in the library. 她在图书馆待了一个下午，颇有收获。 # prof•it•abil•ity /ˌprɒfɪtəˈbɪləti; NAmE ˌprɑ:f-/ noun [U] : to increase profitability 增加收益 # prof•it•ably /-əbli/ adv. : to run a business profitably 把企业经营得有盈余 He spent the weekend profitably. 他过了一个有收获的周末。

Answer 17

under•esti•mate verb, noun ■verb /ˌʌndərˈestɪmeɪt/ 1 to think or guess that the amount, cost or size of sth is smaller than it really is 低估；对…估计不足: [VN] to underestimate the cost of the project 低估项目的成本 We underestimated the time it would take to get there. 我们低估了抵达那里所需的时间。 [also V wh-] 2 [VN] to not realize how good, strong, determined, etc. sb really is 对…认识不足（或重视不够）；低估；轻视: Never underestimate your opponent. 决不可低估你的对手。 OPP OVERESTIMATE ➡ compare UNDERRATE ■noun /ˌʌndərˈestɪmət/ (also under•esti•ma•tion /ˌʌndərˌestɪˈmeɪʃn/ [C, U]) an estimate about the size, cost, etc. of sth that is too low 低估；轻视: My guess of 400 proved to be a serious underestimate. 我猜 400，结果证明是严重的低估。 OPP OVERESTIMATE

Answer 18

rare /reə(r); NAmE rer/ adj. (rarer, rar•est) 1 ~ (for sb/sth to do sth) | ~ (to do sth) not done, seen, happening, etc. very often 稀少的；稀罕的: a rare disease/occurrence/sight 罕见的疾病╱事件；难得一见的事物 It's extremely rare for it to be this hot in April. 四月份就这样炎热是极其罕见的。 It is rare to find such loyalty these days. 这样忠心耿耿，在今天非常少见。 On the rare occasions when they met he hardly even dared speak to her. 彼此难得相见，他还几乎不敢跟她说话。 It was a rare (= very great) honour to be made a fellow of the college. 成为这所学院的研究员是极大的荣誉。 2 existing only in small numbers and therefore valuable or interesting 稀罕的；珍贵的: a rare book/coin/stamp 珍贵的书╱硬币╱邮票 a rare breed/plant 珍奇物种╱植物 This species is extremely rare. 这一物种极为罕见。 3 (of meat 肉) cooked for only a short time so that the inside is still red 半熟的；半生的 ➡ compare WELL DONE ➡ see also RARITY

Answer 19

rar•ity /ˈreərəti; NAmE ˈrer-/ noun (pl. -ies) 1 [C] a person or thing that is unusual and is therefore often valuable or interesting 珍品；稀有物: Women are still something of a rarity in senior positions in business. 在商界位居高职的妇女仍然十分罕见。 His collection of plants contains many rarities. 他收藏的植物包括许多稀有品种。 2 (also less frequent rare•ness) [U] the quality of being rare 稀有；罕见: The value of antiques will depend on their condition and rarity. 古董的价值依它们的保存状况和稀有程度而定。

Answer 20

rare•ly /ˈreəli; NAmE ˈrerli/ adv. not very often 罕有；很少；不常: She is rarely seen in public nowadays. 如今在公共场所很少能见到她。 We rarely agree on what to do. 我们很少在要做的事情上看法一致。 a rarely-performed play 一部很少上演的戏剧 (formal) Rarely has a debate attracted so much media attention. 难得有一场辩论吸引这么多的媒体关注。

Answer 21

bare /beə(r); NAmE ber/ adj., verb ■adj. (barer, bar•est) 1 not covered by any clothes 裸体的；裸露的: She likes to walk around in bare feet. 她喜欢光着脚走来走去。 ➡ see also BAREFOOT 2 (of trees or countryside 树木或村野) not covered with leaves; without plants or trees （树木）光秃秃的；（土地）荒芜的: the bare branches of winter trees 冬天树木光秃秃的枝桠 a bare mountainside 光秃秃的山坡 3 (of surfaces 表面) not covered with or protected by anything 无遮盖的；没有保护的: bare wooden floorboards 未铺地毯的木地板 Bare wires were sticking out of the cable. 电缆露出了裸线。 The walls were bare except for a clock. 墙上除了一只挂钟什么也没有。 4 (of a room, cupboard, etc. 房间、柜子等) empty 空的: The fridge was completely bare. 电冰箱里什么也没有。 bare shelves 空荡荡的架子 5 [only before noun] just enough; the most basic or simple 仅够的；最基本的；最简单的: The family was short of even the bare necessities of life. 那家人甚至没有最起码的生活所需。 We only had the bare essentials in the way of equipment. 我们只有最基本的设备。 He did the bare minimum of work but still passed the exam. 他只花了最少的工夫，却仍然通过了考试。 She gave me only the bare facts of the case. 她只给我介绍了这个案件的一些基本资料。 It was the barest hint of a smile. 那是一个几乎不露一丝痕迹的笑。 ➡ note at NAKED , PLAIN # bare•ness noun [U] IDM the bare ˈbones (of sth) the basic facts 梗概；概要: the bare bones of the story 故事梗概 with your bare ˈhands without weapons or tools 赤手空拳；徒手: He was capable of killing a man with his bare hands. 他赤手空拳就能取人性命。 lay sth ˈbare (formal) to show sth that was covered or to make sth known that was secret 暴露；揭露: Every aspect of their private lives has been laid bare. 他们的私生活全面曝光了。 ➡ more at CUPBOARD ■verb [VN] to remove the covering from sth, especially from part of the body 揭开；脱（衣服）: She was paid several thousand dollars to bare all (= take all her clothes off) for the magazine. 她获得数千美元报酬为那本杂志作全裸画页。 IDM bare your ˈsoul (to sb) to tell sb your deepest and most private feelings （向某人）打开心扉，倾诉衷肠 bare your ˈteeth to show your teeth in an aggressive and threatening way （凶狠地）龇牙咧嘴: The dog bared its teeth and growled. 那条狗龇牙咧嘴地低吼。

Answer 22

bare•ly /ˈbeəli; NAmE ˈberli/ adv. 1 in a way that is just possible but only with difficulty 仅仅；刚刚；勉强可能: The music was barely audible. 音乐声勉强能听见。 She was barely able to stand. 她勉强能站立。 We barely had time to catch the train. 我们差点没赶上火车。 2 in a way that almost does not happen or exist 几乎不；几乎没有: She barely acknowledged his presence. 她只略微向他打了个招呼。 There was barely any smell. 几乎没有什么气味。 3 just; certainly not more than (a particular amount, age, time, etc.) 刚好；不超过（某个数量、年龄、时间等）: Barely 50% of the population voted. 仅有 50% 的人口投票。 He was barely 20 years old and already running his own company. 他只有 20 岁，却已经营起自己的公司了。 They arrived barely a minute later. 过了不到一分钟他们就到了。 4 only a very short time before 刚才；刚刚: I had barely started speaking when he interrupted me. 我刚刚开始讲话，他便打断了我。 ➡ note at HARDLY

Answer 23

pres•ence /ˈprezns/ noun 1 [U] (of a person 人) the fact of being in a particular place 在场；出席: He hardly seemed to notice my presence. 他似乎没有注意到我在场。 Her presence during the crisis had a calming effect. 危难时她的到来稳定了大家的心情。 (formal) Your presence is requested at the meeting. 敬请出席会议。 OPP ABSENCE 2 [U] (of a thing or a substance 事物或物质) the fact of being in a particular place or thing 存在；出现: The test can identify the presence of abnormalities in the unborn child. 这项化验能鉴定胎儿是否有不正常现象。 OPP ABSENCE 3 [sing.] a group of people, especially soldiers, who have been sent to a place to deal with a particular situation （派遣的）一个队；（尤指执行任务的）部队: The government is maintaining a heavy police presence in the area. 政府在这地区派驻了大批警察。 a military presence 驻军 4 [C, usually sing.] (literary) a person or spirit that you cannot see but that you feel is near 感觉在附近的人（或鬼魂）: She felt a presence behind her. 她觉得有什么东西跟在背后。 5 [U] (approving) the quality of making a strong impression on other people by the way you talk or behave 仪态；风度；气质: a man of great presence 风度翩翩的男子 IDM in the ˈpresence of sb | in sb's ˈpresence with sb in the same place 在…面前；有…在场: The document was signed in the presence of two witnesses. 本文件是有两位证人见证签署的。 She asked them not to discuss the matter in her presence. 她要求他们不要当着她的面讨论这个问题。 in the ˈpresence of sth when sth exists in a particular place 存在…的情况下；有…的存在: Litmus paper turns red in the presence of an acid. 石蕊试纸遇到酸就变红。 make your presence ˈfelt to do sth to make people very aware of the fact that you are there; to have a strong influence on a group of people or a situation 突显自己；对（人群或局势）发挥作用

2013-4-13 Flashcards

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