2023-E3

Question 1

Eplerenone (Inspra) works by competitively blocking the action of which hormone?

Answer 1

Aldosterone

Question 2

Minoxidil (Loniten) causes vasodilation by:

Answer 2

Opening K-ATP channels

Question 3

Which of the following is/are a potential adverse reaction(s) to atorvaSTATIN (Lipitor)?

Answer 3

Myopathy

Question 4

The patient is a 46-year old caucasian woman that smokes and has DM. How many risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease are present in this patient?

Answer 4

Two

Question 5

Which of the following medications can be given intravenously?

a) Bivalirudin (Angiomax)
b) Cangrelor (Kengreal)
c) Unfractioned heparin
d) all of the above

Answer 5

d) all of the above

Question 6

The intracellular concentration of which ion is key to determining smooth muscle tone?

Answer 6

Calcium

Question 7

Which of the following is an adverse reaction to aspirin? (Bayer)?

Answer 7

1. angioedema
2. bleeding
3. rash

(all of the above)

Question 8

Which of the following medications can cause a severe adverse drug reaction called angioedema (swelling of throat, tongue and lips)?

Answer 8

Sacubitril/Valsartan (Entresto)

Question 9

Which medication is monitored by the prothrombin time (PT) International Normalized Ratio (INR):

Answer 9

Warfarin (Coumadin)

Question 10

Which of the following medications can have injection site reactions?

Answer 10

Evolcumab (Repatha)

Question 11

Which of the following defined as pathological formation of a “hemostatic plug” within the vasculature in the absence of bleeding?

Answer 11

Thrombosis

Question 12

The glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor is involved in which step of platelet thrombus formation?

Answer 12

Aggregation

Question 13

Eptifibatide (Integrillin) inhibits which step in thrombus formation?

Answer 13

Platelet aggregation

Question 14

Which medication(s) binds to factor Xa and prevents the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin?

Answer 14

Rivaroxaban (Xarelto)

Question 15

Which of the following medications for pulmonary hypertension is available in an intravenous formulation?

Answer 15

Treprostinil (Tyvaso)

Question 16

Which receptor does Losartan (Cozaar) block?

Answer 16

AT1 receptor

Question 17

Which of the following is/are positive “pleiotropic effect(s)” of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors?

Answer 17

Reduced inflammation

Question 18

“Purple toe” is a potential adverse reaction to which of the following medications?

Answer 18

Warfarin (Coumadin)

Question 19

Which of the following medications has possible side effects which can be aggravated by the dental light?

Answer 19

Gemfibrozil (Lopid)

Question 20

Which antiplatelet medication works through inhibition of ADP binding at the P2Y12 receptor?

Answer 20

Prasugrel (Effient)

Question 21

Which of the following is a unique side effect of Minoxidil (Loniten)?

Answer 21

Hirsutism (hair growth)

Question 22

Which lipoprotein is considered the “good cholesterol”?

Answer 22

HDL

Question 23

Which medication(s) causes the activation of antithrombin III?

Answer 23

Enoxaparin (Lovenox) & Unfractioned Heparin

Question 24

What is the mechanism of action of aminocaproic acid (Amicar)?

Answer 24

Competitive inhibition of plasminogen activation

Question 25

How does LovaSTATIN (Mevacor) exert its lipid lowering activity?

Answer 25

Inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase

Question 26

Riociguat (Adempas) can be classified in which group based on mechanism of action?

Answer 26

Soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator

Question 27

Which of the following medications would be least likely to have a drug-drug interaction due to hepatic metabolism?

Answer 27

1. Pravastatin (Pravachol) 2. Rosuvastatin (Crestor) (Both B & C)

Question 28

Which of the following medications works through antagonist of the protease activated receptor-1inhibiting thrombin receptor agonist peptide (TRAP)?

Answer 28

Vorapaxar (Zontivity)

Question 29

Which of the following is a vitamin K dependent clotting factor?

Answer 29

Factor X

Question 30

Which medication had a risk of hyperkalemia?

Answer 30

1. Sacubitrul/Valsartan (Entrestro) 2. Spironolactone (Aldactone) (B & C)

Question 31

Which of the following is/are components of Virchow's triad:

Answer 31

Vessel wall injury (endothelial injury)

Question 32

Postulates presence of three factors that predisposes a person to develop vascular thrombosis:

Answer 32

virchow's triad

Question 33

What three factors are included in Virchow's triad?

Answer 33

1. stasis of blood flow 2. endothelial injury 3. Hypercoagulability

Question 34

Which lipoprotein contains the MOST triglycerides?

Answer 34

Chylomicrons

Question 35

Which substance is thought to contribute to the development of cough in patients on ACE inhibitors?

Answer 35

Bradykinin

Question 36

Which of the following medications and doses would be considered a "moderate intensity" statin?

Answer 36

Atorvastatin (Lipitor) 10mg

Question 37

Which of the following medication classes may cause hyperuricemia (Gout)?

Answer 37

ATP-citrate lyase (ACL) inhibitor

Question 38

Pulmonary hypertension caused by LEFT heart disease is classified as which group per the world health organization?

Answer 38

Group II

Question 39

Which of these medications may increase trigylcerides? -Colestipol (Colestid) -Ezetimibe (Zetia) -Fenofibrate (Tricor) -Niacin (Niaspan)

Answer 39

-Colestipol (Colestid)

Question 40

Bempedoic acid (Nexletol) exerts lipid lowering activity through which mechanism?

Answer 40

Inhibition of ATP-citrate lyase (ACL)

Question 41

Which of the following medications prevents the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II?

Answer 41

Quinapril (Acupril)

Question 42

Which of the following medications inhibits the action of phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5)?

Answer 42

Tadalafil (Adcirca)