Module 43 - Stress and Health Flashcards
1
Q
How often do we experience stress?
A
- 3 out of 4 say sometimes or frequently
- short term (acute) stress is adaptive
- long term (chronic) stresses not (leads to physical and mental health problems)
2
Q
Behavioural Medicine
A
Interdisciplinary field of medicine that integrates behavioural and medical knowledge. Examines behaviour that improve or harm halt
3
Q
Health Psychology
A
Relatively new-sub-field of psychology that studies the effects of emotion, personality and behaviour on health (physical) well-being (subjective)
4
Q
Stress
A
- complex concept
- used as a cause of something
- used to mean the result of something
- stress also means strain
5
Q
Hans Selye (1954)
A
- used term stress in psychological context
- he misused the term stress
- he said stress is the effect not cause
6
Q
Stress
A
Non-specific response of the body to any demand
7
Q
Today stress is defined as:
A
- the process by which we perceive and respond to certain events that we appraise as threatening or challenging (stressors)
- stress reaction (response) is the bodily response to a stressor
8
Q
Common Stressors
A
- Catastrophic Events - sudden, unpredictable, large-scale event
- Significant Life Changes - death of love one, loss of job, marriage/divorce
- Daily Hassles - rush hour traffic, aggravating room mate, long lines in store
9
Q
Walter B. Cannon (Physiological Stress Responses)
A
- did not use term stress
- already described the fight/flight response when against challenging event
- very fast system
- release of no epinephrine from adrenal medulla
10
Q
Haris Selye
A
- hypothalamic; pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis becomes activated leading to release of glucocorticoids
- released from the adrenal cortex (out layer)
- increase in blood sugar, alertness, memory in brain and decrease in immune system
- slower system than fight/flight
- necessary for coping with stress
11
Q
General Adaption Syndrom (3 phases of stress)
A
- Alarm Reaction
- Stage of Resistance
- Stage of Exhaustion
- stress is universal despite the exact nature of the stressor
- stress decreases neurogenesis and shortened telomeres associated with prolonged stress
12
Q
Coronary Heart Disease
A
- occlusion of coronary arteries that increases likelihood of heart attack
- many factors contributing; smoking, body weight, stress
- stress increases blood cholesterol and clotting of blood
13
Q
Friedman and Ulmer
A
- showed links between heart disease and stress
- increase blood cholesterol and clotting
14
Q
Friedman and Rosenman
A
- type A and type B study
- men as type a (uptight)
type b was opposite (laid back) - 9 years 69% were type a heart attacks, no extreme type b’s
15
Q
Type A
A
- called “Coronary Prone Personality”
- anger identified as major contributor
- heart attacks more likely occur 24 hours after angry outburst
- other traits: depression (4x) and pessimism (2x)
