Module 44- Promoting Health

Question 1

Major strategies for coping with stress

Answer 1

1. Provlem-focused coping

2. Emotion-focused coping

Question 2

Problem - focused coping

Answer 2

• try to alleviate stress by a direct action with its source

Question 3

Emotion - focused coping

Answer 3

• try to alleviate stress by avoiding or ignoring stressor and instead try to manage your own emotional state

Question 4

Factors that affect coping ability

Answer 4

1. perceived control over stressor
2. predictability of a stressor
3. general outlook of life (optimism)
4. social support

Question 5

Perceived control over stressor (with research)

Answer 5

• perception of control, not the physical shock itself, is the important variable
• effect has been replicated and extended to include stress hormones, immune system changes
• feeling you are in control minimizes stress

Question 6

Predictability of a stressor (with research)

Answer 6

• predictability, predictability of the stressor reduces impact of stressor
• one explanation is that you learn when to relax

Question 7

Optimism

Answer 7

has been shown to: exhibit less signs of stress (aliments) at exam time

• have lower elevations in blood pressure when confronted with a stressor
• recover quicker from major surgery
• live longer
• humour also shown to predict

Question 8

Social Support

Answer 8

• people with strong social ties live longer (family, friends)
• married people live longer (healthier) lives

Question 9

Why so much positive effects?

Answer 9

• social contact comfort
• confide in other promotes well being
• healthier lifestyles

Question 10

Ways to Manage Stress

Answer 10

• aerobic exercise, biofeedback, relaxation, meditation, spirituality

Question 11

Aerobi Exercise

Answer 11

• shown to elevate serotonin, norepinephrine and endorphins in brain
• reduces stress and hormone responses to stressors

Question 12

Biofeedback

Answer 12

• relaxation, meditation

- involves monitoring and then amplifying physiological responses to make them perceptible

Question 13

Relaxation

Answer 13

• can be effective

- alleviate headaches, hypertension, insomnia, anxiety, deuces heart attack

Question 14

Meditation and prayer

Answer 14

• shown to increase activity in arrears of brain
• altered states of consciousness
• shown to have halt benefits in controlled studies

Question 15

Spirituality an Faith Communities

Answer 15

• long standing relationship between well being and faith

- 36% fewer deaths in those who attend religious services regularly