Chapter 16 Keywords Flashcards
a mutation from wild type to a mutant form
Forward Mutation
A test that uses a special Salmonella strain to test chemicals
for mutagenicity and potential carcinogenicity
Amestest
a mutation that changes a nucleotide base pair but does not
change the encoded amino acid
Silent mutation
a mutation that changes the number of nucleotide base pairs
and changes the reading frame
frame shift mutation
A DNA element that carries the genes required for
transposition and moves about the genome; if it contains
genes other than those required for transposition
Transposable element
The form of gene transfer and recombination in procaryotes
that requires direct cell-to-cell contact
conjugation
A chemical or physical agent that causes mutations
mutagen
a mutation that generates a new stop codon in frame
nonsense mutation
The typical form of an organism, strain, gene, or characteristic
as it occurs in nature
wild type
a mutation that changes a nucleotide base pair that changes
the encoded amino acid
missense mutation
The transfer of genes between bacterial or archaeal cells by
viruses
transduction
a mutation from a mutant form to wild type
reverse mutation
A permanent, heritable change in the genetic material
mutation
An organism with a mutation that causes it to lose the ability
to synthesize an essential nutrient
auxotroph
A double-stranded DNA molecule that can exist and replicate
independently of the chromosome or may be integrated with it
episome
