2.1-forms of social control Flashcards
what key aspects create social control
norms and values, socialisation, formal rules and laws, rewards and punishments
what are the agents of social control
family, schools, law enforcement, peers, government
what question do control theories believe we should ask to understand crime
why dont people commit crime?
Who came up with the social bond theory
Hirschi in 1969
what did the social bond theory suggest
all humans suffer from the weakness of being unable to resist temptation, however social bonds with people encourage self control to restrain themselves
what was the social bond theory’s 4 social bonds
belief, attachment, commitment, involvement BACI
what was meant by the social bond of belief
the extent you believe obeying the law and societal norms is the right thing to do, this is based of your moral beliefs, where strong beliefs discourage crime
what was meant by the social bond of attachment
the emotional ties we have to others, and what they would think of us if we committed a crime, strong attachment creates a sense of responsibility
what was meant by the social bond of commitment
investment in conventional activites and goals, such as carrer aspirations such as going to uni, therefore you have more to stand to lose and have at risk
what was meant by the social bond of involvement
participating in activites occupy your time and makes you busy, this provides less opportunities to commit crimes
who came up with the containment theory
Reckless in the 1950’s
what did the containment theory suggest
there are many temptations which push or pull you to crime, to commit crime one must break through outer and inner containment(more important)
what are the 4 key inner containments
self concept, goal orientation, frustration tolerance, norm retention
what is meant by the inner containment of self concept
individuals have an image and perception of themselves, such as their sense of identity and whether they are someone who adheres to the law or not
what is meant by the inner containment of goal orientation
ability to set and pursue realistic goals, and having a sense of direction in your life and purpose
what is meant by the inner containment of frustration tolerance
ability to cope with stress and challenges without having to restore to deviant behaviour
what is meant by the inner containment of norm retention
internalisation and adherance to socials norms and laws, weakn norm rentention leads to norm erosion
what is internal social control
individuals having control of their own behaviour, done by acting in accordance to your conscience and moral compass, therefore conforming is to act our sense of respect
what forms of socialisation create intenal social control
primary- is ages 0-5 and is delivered by your family to instill foundational values
secondary- is after 5 and happens throughout your life, this reinforces expected behaviours with rewards, typically through peers
what are the 3 different forms of internal social control
rational ideology, traditions, internalisation of social rules
what is meant by the internal social control of rational choice
a set of beliefs based on logical reasoning, individuals consciously understand and accept the reasoning behind societal rules. The law standardises and formalisese these societal values
What is an example of rational choice
refraining from murder becuase you understand that life is sacred and should be protected
what is meant by the internal social control of traditions
these are customs that have been established for a long period of time where it has been passed on via generations, this helps guide our behaviour as you may feel an obligation to uphold
what is an example of a tradition
buddhists follow the custom of “ahimsa” where they must refrain from harming any living being therefore must adopt a vegetarian lifestyle
