Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

ABDOMEN 4 > 2.1 Thyroid-Normal > Flashcards

2.1 Thyroid-Normal Flashcards

(59 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Which lobe of the thyroid is typically bigger?

A

Right

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The thyroid is encapsulated extends down to the ?

A

5th or 6th tracheal ring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Another term for the thyroid cartilage?

A

The Adam’s apple

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The pyramidal lobe is a?

A

fetal remnant that some people have, skinny extension that extends superior from the isthmus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The size of the thyroid depends on (3)

A

Gender
Age
Body habitus/ Height

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

It is usually bigger in which gender?

A

Females

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The usual length, Width and AP of the thyroid?

A

4-6cm
2 cm
2 cm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Out of the L x W x H (AP) which is the most precise/reproducible?

A

AP (2 cm)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The isthmus thickness is typically? (remember units)

A

2-6mm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

One of the first places you may notice thickening/enlargement of the gland?

A

isthmus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The trachea is located ____ to the isthmus

A

posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The CCA and IJV is located____ and ____ to the thyroid?

A

Lateral ; posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The longus coli muscle is located?

A

posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The sternocleidomastoid muscle ? (2)

A

slightly anterior and lateral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The SCM (sternocleidomastoid muscles) are slightly ____ to the strap muscles. The strap muscles are ____ to thyroid

A

lateral; anterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Compared to the thyroid Neurovascular bundle located

A

posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The 4 parathyroid glands and located ____ with 2 more ____ and 2 more ____.

A

Posterior; superior; inferior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

The esophagus sits___ and slightly to the ____ of the thyroid

A

posterior; left

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The Thyroid has a very rich_____ making it hard to biopsy

A

blood supply

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The blood supply of the thyroid includes

Rt and Lt ?(2)

A

Inferior and Superior arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The Superior arteries are branches of the?

A

ECA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

The Inferior arteries are branches of the?

A

Subclavian

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

The Thyroid is drained by 3 veins?

What are they and where do they drain?

A

Superior, middle in IVJ

inferior into innominate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Lymph drainage is from the?

Study These Flashcards
A

Deep cervical lymph notes around the carotids.

25
*The lymph nodes around the thyroid are looked at with a neck sweep because?
It is THE MOST COMMON SITE FOR THYROID CANCER TO METASTASIZE
26
The sonographic appearance of the thyroid (3)
Homogeneous Hyperechoic thin capsule medium level echoes
27
The sonographic appearance of the Esophagus(2)
target appearance and peristalsis when patient swallows (good way to differentiate)
28
The sonographic appearance of the Trachea? (3)
Hyperechoic, curvilinear and shadowing
29
The sonographic appearance of the muscles (2)
hypoechoic with striations
30
What is the functional unit of the thyroid??
The follicle
31
The follicular cells produce the hormones (2)
T3 and T4
32
The lumen contains colloid which is?
thick gelatinous material that stores the T3 and T4 produced by the follicular cells
33
The parafollicular cells produce?
calcitonin - helps regulate the bloods calcium and phosphate levels.
34
What is the function of the thyroid?
Endocrine gland- makes, stores, secretes hormones Regulates body metabolism Produces T3, T4 and calcitonin
35
T3 and T4 affect?
Our metabolic rate
36
What is used to synthesize T3 and T4 from our diet?
Iodine
37
What maintains homeostasis of blood calcium?
Calcatonin | decreases concentration of blood calcium by inhibiting breakdown of bone
38
Maintenance of circulating T3 and T4 in the blood is a ___ feed back-system
Negative
39
A drop in T3 and T4 decreases our overall BMR (basal metabolic rate) which triggers the hypothalamus to relase
TRH (thryotropin releasing hormone)
40
The TRH causing the release of ____ from the ____gland making more T3 & T4
TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone); pituitary
41
Thyroid disease can affect the amount of thyroid levels in the blood. What is is called with normal thyroid levels?
Euthyroid
42
What is called when it is High or Low?
Hyperthyroid, Hypothyroid
43
Hypothyroidism decreases your ?
BMR
44
Hypothyroidism can be related to what 3 things?
Low Iodine gland dysfunction Pituitary gland abnormality
45
What are the S & S of hypothyroidism?
``` Weight gain Hair loss Lethargy Cold intolerance Husky voice ```
46
Causes of of Hypothyroidism (4)
Hashimoto's Iodine deficiency Partial thyroidectomy (1 gland removed) Pituitary gland problems
47
What is the most common cause of Hypothyroidism in North America?
Hashimoto's
48
What is the most common cause of Hypothyroidism worldwide?
``` Iodine deficiency (poor diets in developing countries) ```
49
Hyperthyroidism increases BMR. can be causes by what 2 things?
Entire thyroid gland over functioning or Neoplasm that's producing excessive amounts of thyroid hormone
50
What are the S & S of hyperthyroidism?(6)
``` Wt loss, increased appetite Nervousness Sweating, heat intolerance palpitations fatigue exophthalmos (eye bulging) ```
51
Causes of Hyperthyroidism include (5)
``` Grave's disease (with goiter) Toxic adenomas (benign masses, producing toxic amount of the hormone) Inflammation of the thyroid Excessive thyroid medication Pituitary tumors ```
52
Lab Tests with Hyperthyroid will have increased levels of ___ &____and decreased levels of ____
T3 and T4; TSH | Opposite with Hypothyroid decrease T3 & T4 and increase TSH
53
Graves disease and Hashimoto are both? and produce?
Autoimmune disorders and produce thyroid antibodies that attack the thyroid
54
Other test that can be used to assess the thyroid
Nuc med scan -> determined function or sees nodules using radioisotope
55
Nuc med Hot nodules are
hyperfunctioning (most are benign)
56
Nuc med Cold nodules , don't take up isotope
Non functioning (can have malignant potential) | still usually benign
57
What are some of the indications for performing a thyroid ultrasound (4)
Increase in gland size (symmetrical or not) Changes in metabolism (Wt loss or gain) Nuc med scan, showing cold nodule palpable lump
58
Accurate hx includes
``` Medications Other diagnostic tests Previous surgery Family hx or palpable masses ```
59
What probe do you use to scan?
Highest frequency 12 or 18 MHz

ABDOMEN 4 (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions