Pediatric Psych

Question 1

Manifests in childhood with symptoms of hyperactivity, impulsivity, and/or inattention. affect cognitive, academic, behavioral, emotional, and social functioning

Answer 1

ADHD

Question 2

A genetic imbalance of catecholamine metabolism in the cerebral cortex appears to play a primary role

Answer 2

pathogenesis of ADHD

Question 3

Cerebral structural and functional abnormalities in prefrontal structures and basal ganglia regions. Results in impaired executive fxns

Answer 3

ADHD

Question 4

Criteria for ADHD diagnosis

Answer 4

present in more than one setting for at least 6 months and before 12 yrs old.

Question 5

Two categories of core ADHD sx

Answer 5

Hyperactivity/impulsivity and Inattention

Question 6

Sx include: excessive fidgetiness, difficulty remaining seated, feelings of restlessness, difficulty playing quietly

Answer 6

hyperactivity

Question 7

Sx include: excessive talking, difficulty waiting turn, blurting out answers, interruption of others

Answer 7

impulsivity

Question 8

Sx include: difficulty organizing tasks, avoids tasks that require consistent mental effort, easily distracted, forgetfulness in routine activity

Answer 8

inattention

Question 9

According to DSM-5 criteria for ADHD diagnosis, how many symptoms of hyperactivity, impulsivity or inattention are needed?

Answer 9

≥6 symptoms for kids. ≥5 for pts older than 17 yrs

Question 10

Indications for ADHD referral

Answer 10

coexisting psychiatric or neurological disorders and lack of response to stimulant therapy

Question 11

Broad categories of stimulant medications for ADHD

Answer 11

amphetamines and methylphenidate

Question 12

Second line agent for ADHD

Answer 12

atomoxetine (Strattera)

Question 13

Preferred medication for preschool children

Answer 13

methylphenidate. Indicated if failure of behavior tx

Question 14

Prenatal exposure that may contribute to autism spectrum disorders

Answer 14

Valproic acid or thalidomide

Question 15

3 main areas of functioning affected by autism spectrum disorders

Answer 15

social interaction, communication, behaviors/interests

Question 16

mildest form of autism. become obsessively interested in a single object or topic. above average intelligence.

Answer 16

Asperger’s

Question 17

Between Autism and Asperger’s in terms of severity of symptoms. Symptoms vary widely. Impaired social interaction

Answer 17

Pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS)

Question 18

More severe impairments in social fxning, language, repetitive behaviors. Associated with mental retardation and seizures

Answer 18

Autism

Question 19

screening tool for autism in toddlers and young children

Answer 19

STAT

Question 20

modified checklist for autism in toddlers

Answer 20

MCHAT

Question 21

characterized by aggressiveness and purposefully bother/irritate others

Answer 21

oppositional defiant disorder

Question 22

Negative, manipulative, hostile, and defiant behavior

Answer 22

oppositional defiant disorder

Question 23

If a parent is alcoholic and has been in trouble with the law, how likely is their child to have ODD?

Answer 23

3x more likely (18%)

Question 24

Group of behavioral and emotional problems in children

Significant difficulty following rules and behaving in a socially acceptable way

Answer 24

conduct disorder

Question 25

Differences between conduct disorder and oppositional defiant disorder

Answer 25

Children with ODD seem to have worse social skills than those with CD. Children with ODD seem to do better in school

Question 26

Most serious psychiatric disorder

Answer 26

conduct disorder

Question 27

Characterized by aggression to ppl and animals, destruction of property, deceitfulness

Answer 27

conduct disorder

Question 28

What happens to children with conduct disorder who don’t receive tx?

Answer 28

become adults with antisocial behavior

Question 29

When does the risk of suicide increase?

Answer 29

increase as the patient recovers some from depression and has more energy and motivation

Question 30

Name two SSRIs approved for children

Answer 30

fluoxetine (Prozac) 8-17. Escitalopram (Lexapro) 12-17

Question 31

What drug class does this black box warning go with: Increased suicidality risk in children, adolescents, and young adults w/ major depressive or other psychiatric disorders

Answer 31

SSRIs

Question 32

What does SIGECAPS stand for?

Answer 32

sleep disturbance, interests, guilt, energy, concentration problems, appetite change, pleasure, suicidal thoughts