Infectious Disease II

Question 1

Temperature that defines fever in kids

Answer 1

> 100.4

Question 2

Leading pathogen responsible for bacterial URI and most common cause of meningitis in the US

Answer 2

S. pneumoniae

Question 3

Leading pathogen responsible for UTIs

Answer 3

E. coli

Question 4

What patient popns should receive a UA for non toxic appearing fever of unknown origin?

Answer 4

males < 6 months and uncircumcised males < 12 mos.

females < 24 months

Question 5

When should a CXR be ordered for toxic appearing fever of unknown origin?

Answer 5

WBC count > 20,000 ul, tachypnea, retractions, O2 <95%

Question 6

Initial abx treatment for fever of unknown origin in kids who appear toxic

Answer 6

ceftriaxone, cefotaxime or ampicillin/ sulbactam

Question 7

3rd Gen Cephalosporin with broad spectrum, gram-negative activity

Answer 7

ceftriaxone (Rocephin)

Question 8

For septicemia. Useful in pediatric infections as an alternative to ceftriaxone in infants in the first month or two of life

Answer 8

Cefotaxime (Claforan)

Question 9

Abx that covers skin, enteric flora and anaerobes.

Answer 9

Ampicillin/ sulbactam (Unasyn)

Question 10

Acute highly contagious gram positive bacterial infection of the superficial layers of the epidermis. Usually hot, humid climates

Answer 10

Impetigo

Question 11

The most common skin infection in children

Answer 11

nonbullous impetigo

Question 12

Pathogens responsible for nonbullous impetigo

Answer 12

s. aureus and group A beta hemolytic strep

Question 13

Pathogens responsible for bullous impetigo

Answer 13

s. aureus

Question 14

Topical abx treatment for impetigo

Answer 14

Mupirocin (Bactroban)

Question 15

Oral abx treatment for impetigo

Answer 15

Septra DS (unless strep is suspected). Clindamycin

Question 16

Benign viral infection. Single or multiple, rounded dome-shaped, pink, waxy papules, with central umbilication

Answer 16

Molluscum Contagiosum

Question 17

Ectoparasites that live on the body and feed on human blood after piercing the skin

Answer 17

Pediculosis capitus: head lice

Pediculosis corporis: body lice

Question 18

Most common symptom of pediculosis

Answer 18

pruritis

Question 19

Medication for pediculosis

Answer 19

Permethrin (Nix) cream, malathion, ivermectin for tx failures

Question 20

Most common pediatric infection

Answer 20

UTIs

Question 21

Sx include: fever, FTT, vomiting, flank pain, frequency/urgency/dysuria, suprapubic tenderness

Answer 21

UTIs

Question 22

What do the following have in common: toxic/septic, urinary obstruction, infants younger than 2 months w/febrile UTI, all infants younger than 1 month with suspected UTI?

Answer 22

criteria for hospitalization of UTI

Question 23

Sx include: fever, tachycardia, tachypnea, cool extremities, lethargy/mental status changes

Answer 23

sepsis

Question 24

More ominous sign than fever with sepsis

Answer 24

hypothermia

Question 25

Common abx for older children with sepsis

Answer 25

3rd generation cephalosporins + vanco. Add clindamycin if s.aureus or GABHS

Question 26

Classic triad of bacterial meningitis

Answer 26

fever, HA, neck stiffness

Question 27

Sx include: exanthemas, sx of pericarditis/myocarditis, bulging fontanelle, preceding myalgias, fatigue, anorexia

Answer 27

viral meningitis

Question 28

What abx should be added to sepsis treatment for children older than 8 weeks if s. aureus or GABHS suspected?

Answer 28

clindamycin

Question 29

Common first sx of syphillis

Answer 29

sore that forms on the genitals or mouth

Question 30

Screening/testing for syphilis

Answer 30

RPR

Question 31

May be no symptoms. Found on routine screening. Sx include burning with urination and abnormal discharge. If not treated in women, it can cause infertility

Answer 31

chlamydia

Question 32

Tx for chlamydia in kids

Answer 32

Zithromax 1000mg po once

Question 33

Sx include: Dysuria, discharge, Painful or swollen testicles, Vaginal bleeding between periods, Anal itching, Painful BM’s

Answer 33

gonorrhea

Question 34

treatment for gonorrhea

Answer 34

Rocephin 250mg IM + Zithromax 1000mg po

Question 35

Pathogen responsible for chancroid

Answer 35

Haemophilus ducreyi

Question 36

small papule in genitals which then becomes a painful ulcer with sharply defined borders and a base that bleeds easily

Answer 36

chancroid