2.13.2 Aluminium, titanium and tungsten Flashcards
How is aluminium a very useful metal?
- Forms strong alloys
- It’s a good conductor
- Has low density
- Resists corrosion
Why can’t aluminium be extracted using carbon?
It’s too reactive
What is aluminium dissolved in?
Aluminium oxide is dissolved in molten cryolite, Na3AlF6
Why is aluminium oxide dissolved in molten cryolite?
It has a much lower melting point, meaning less energy is needed for electrolysis
Why is titanium too expensive to produce for everyday use?
It has a very high melting point of 1668 C
What element is used in the hunter process when extracting titanium?
Sodium
What is the first stage of the hunter process of extracting titanium?
A mixture of titanium (IV) oxide, coke and chlorine is heated to around 900 C
The reaction produces titanium (IV) chloride
TiO2(s) + 2C(s) + 2Cl2 –> TiCl4(g) + 2CO2(g)
What is the first stage of the hunter process of extracting titanium?
A mixture of titanium (IV) oxide, coke and chlorine is heated to around 900 C
The reaction produces titanium (IV) chloride
TiO2(s) + 2C(s) + 2Cl2 –> TiCl4(g) + 2CO2(g)
What is the second stage of the hunter process of extracting titanium?
The titanium (IV) chloride is heated with sodium, which is a more reactive metal TiCl4(g) + 4Na(l) --> Ti(s) + 4NaCl(l)
How is the sodium chloride removed in the hunter process?
The sodium chloride is removed using dilute hydrochloric acid
How does the Kroll process differ from the Hunter process?
It uses magnesium, rather than sodium
How does the Kroll process differ from the Hunter process?
It uses magnesium, rather than sodium
TiCl4(g) + 2Mg(l) –> Ti(s) + 2MgCl2(l)
How is argon used in the Kroll process to extract titanium?
Argon is used to provide an inert atmosphere
It stops the titanium reacting with oxygen to form titanium (IV) oxide
What are three uses of tungsten?
- Gyroscope rotors
- Radiation shield
- Counterweight in
What are three uses of tungsten?
- Gyroscope rotors
- Radiation shield
- Counterweight in aircrafts
