2.9.1 Collision Theory Flashcards
What is the equation for rate of reaction ?
Rate of reaction = increase in concentration / time
What is the name of the theory which explains the reactions that take place as the result of collisions?
Collision theory
When will there be no reaction between two molecules?
When they are :
- identical molecules
- colliding too slowly
- colliding at the wrong angle
What four factors affect the rate of reaction?
- the temperature of reactants
- the concentration of reactants
- the surface area of reactants
- the presence of any catalyst
What activation energy(Ea)?
The minimum energy with which particles must collide in order for a reaction to occur
What’s on the X and Y axis of a Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution?
X - energy
Y - number of particles
What does the shaded area of a Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution show?
The shaded area shows the proportion of particles that possess the activation energy
What is the effect of temperature on the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution?
As the temperature increases, the energy distribution moves to the right and the peak decreases.
The total area under the curve remains a constant.
What is a catalyst?
A catalyst is a substance that lowers the activation energy of a reaction by providing an alternate reaction pathway, and remains unchanged by the end of the reaction
What is the effect of a catalyst on the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution?
The activation energy is lowered, meaning more particles are reacting. This means the rate of reaction is increased.
What is the effect of increasing the concentration on a Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution?
Increasing the concentration of one or more of the reactants increases the probability of the particles colliding, therefore increasing the rate of reaction
What is rate of reaction?
The rate of a chemical reaction is measured as the amount of product made or reactant used up in a certain time
