2.14.3 Nucleophilic Substitution Flashcards
1
Q
What is a nucleophile?
A
A nucleophile is a species with a lone pair of electrons that is available to form a co-ordinate bond
2
Q
What are nucleophiles attracted to?
A
Areas of a positive charge
3
Q
What are four examples of nucelophiles?
A
Negatively charged ions: OH- and CN-
Molecules with a lone pair: H2O and NH3
4
Q
What do nucleophiles replace? Why?
A
They replace the halogen atom because they attack the electron-deficient carbon atom
5
Q
What does the reactivity of haloalkanes depend on?
A
The reactivity depends on the strength of the carbon-halogen bond. The lower the bond enthalpy, the weaker it is and the more easily it’s broken.
6
Q
What is the most reactive haloalkane?
A
Iodoalkanes
