2.1b Huguenots, Palatines, Jewish people reasons for migration Flashcards
(15 cards)
Who were the Huguenots?
French Protestants persecuted for their beliefs
They fled to England for safety, especially after events like the St Bartholomew Day Massacre in 1572.
What event in 1685 significantly affected Huguenots?
King Louis XVI banned Protestantism
This led to increased migration of Huguenots to England.
What was the largest wave of Huguenot migration to England?
50,000 Huguenots arrived between 1670-1710
They were partly attracted by King Charles offering them ‘denizen’ status.
What does ‘denizen’ mean in the context of migration?
A migrant who has specific rights granted to them in their new country
This status made migrants more akin to citizens.
Who were the Palatines?
Protestants from the Palatinate region of Germany
They migrated to England due to persecution and hardships.
What was the Foreign Protestants Naturalisation Act?
A law passed in 1709 allowing Protestants who swore loyalty to the monarch full civil rights in England
This encouraged many Palatines to migrate.
What were the two main reasons for the Palatines’ migration?
- The Foreign Protestants Naturalisation Act
- Bad harvests and wars in Germany
These factors led to many Palatines seeking refuge in England.
How many Palatines migrated to London from May to June 1709?
12,000 Palatines and other German Protestants
Many lived in a refugee camp in Blackheath.
When were Jews expelled from England?
1290
They were not allowed to return until 1656.
Who was Rabbi Menasseh ben Israel?
A Rabbi who petitioned for Jews to be allowed back to England in 1655
His efforts led to Oliver Cromwell permitting their return.
What did Oliver Cromwell allow regarding Jewish migration?
Jews could return and practice their religion privately
Later, they were permitted to build a synagogue.
What is a synagogue?
A Jewish place of worship
Jews were eventually allowed to establish synagogues in England.
Define ‘persecution’.
Bad treatment usually due to religion, race, or gender
This was a major reason for the migration of various groups.
What was ‘The Republic’ in England?
The period after the Civil War when England had no monarch (1649-1660)
This was when Oliver Cromwell led the country.
What is the Palatinate?
A region in Germany
It was the origin of the Palatine migrants.
