4.9 Case Study - Bristol Flashcards
(21 cards)
What was Bristol’s role in the slave trade?
Bristol had been a major part of the slave trade, with ships taking almost 500,000 African slaves to the Caribbean.
Bristol was a significant port for ships to leave for Africa and transport slaves.
What did the 1948 British Nationality Act allow?
It allowed many Caribbean migrants to come to Britain.
This act was significant for post-war migration to the UK.
Where were Caribbean migrants forced to find homes in Bristol?
In areas of the city that people didn’t want to live in.
This often led to overcrowded and substandard living conditions.
What misconception did some people have about Caribbean migrants?
Some people were convinced migrants took jobs and houses from white residents.
What was the Colour Bar?
It was a practice banning black and other migrants from using services.
Who was Edward Colston?
A businessman celebrated in Bristol who grew rich from slavery and the products of slavery.
What was St Paul’s known for after the war?
It was a war-damaged area of Bristol with many homes damaged during the Blitz.
Why did migrants feel safer living together?
They were worried about becoming victims of racist violence.
What action did the Transport and General Workers Union take in 1955?
They banned ‘coloured people’ from being hired as bus drivers or conductors.
How many Caribbean migrants were in the city by 1958?
There were 1,500 Caribbean migrants in the city.
What does HMO stand for?
Houses of Multiple Occupation.
What organization did Owne Henry and Roy Hackett form in 1962?
The West Indian Development Council (WIDC).
How many Caribbean migrants were in the city by 1962?
There were 3,000 Caribbean migrants in the city.
What did the WIDC call for on 29 April 1963?
They called for the black community to boycott Bristol’s buses until the colour bar was lifted.
What was the public response to the WIDC’s boycott campaign?
The campaign received national attention, with support from figures like Tony Benn and Labour PM Harold Wilson.
What issue did many landlords have regarding renting homes?
Many landlords refused to rent homes to black people.
What was the statistic for ethnic minority drivers and conductors by 1966?
There were only 4 ethnic minority drivers and 39 minority conductors.
What percentage of drivers and conductors were ethnic minorities in 1966?
Less than 2.5% of the total number of drivers and conductors.
What did public pressure lead to on 28 August 1963?
It forced the company to scrap the colour bar.
What did the 1965 Race Relations Act accomplish?
It made it illegal to discriminate based on race.
What significant event occurred in 2020 regarding Edward Colston?
Protestors pulled down the statue of Colston and dumped it in the river.
