2.2 Bacterial Cells Flashcards
(17 cards)
What are the main structures found in bacterial cells?
Cell wall
Cell membrane
Cytoplasm
Ribosomes
Circular DNA
Plasmids
Nucleoid (genetic material)
Plasmids (small DNA molecules)
What is the function of the nucleoid in bacterial cells?
The nucleoid is an area in bacterial cells that contains the genetic material (DNA), not enclosed in a membrane like in eukaryotic cells.
What are plasmids in bacterial cells?
Plasmids are small, circular DNA molecules found in bacterial cells. They carry additional genes, often related to antibiotic resistance.
Do bacterial cells have a nucleus?
No, bacterial cells lack a nucleus. Instead, their genetic material is found in the nucleoid region.
What is the function of flagella in bacterial cells?
Flagella help bacterial cells move around by rotating like a propeller, allowing them to swim through liquids (e.g., water or mucus).
Are bacteria unicellular or multicellular?
Unicellular
What are plant and bacterial cell wall made up of?
Plant cell wall: Cellulose
Bacterial cell wall: Peptidoglycan (also called murein)
What are the defining features of eukaryotic cells?
Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles (e.g. mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus).
What is the function of the bacterial cell wall?
It supports the cell and prevents it from bursting when water enters.
Do bacterial cells have a cell membrane? What does it do?
Yes. The cell membrane is partially permeable and controls what enters and leaves the cell.
Which structures do bacterial cells have in common with plant and animal cells?
Cytoplasm and ribosomes.
What important organelles do bacterial cells not have?
They do not have a nucleus, mitochondria, or chloroplasts.
What are bacterial cells also known as?
Prokaryotic cells.
What replaces the nucleus in a bacterial cell?
A single circular DNA molecule, called a bacterial chromosome.
What is the function of DNA in bacterial cells?
It provides instructions for making proteins, just like in other cells.
What are plasmids?
Small circular DNA molecules found in bacterial cells, often used in genetic modification.
