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Year One Comprehensive Material > DPT 625: Biomechanics and Kinesiology > Flashcards

DPT 625: Biomechanics and Kinesiology Flashcards

1
Q

Branch of mechanics that describes effect of forces and torque on body

a. Kinetics
b. Kinematics

A

A

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2
Q

Branch of mechanics that describes motion of a body, without regard to forces or torques hat may produce motion

a. Kinetics
b. Kinematics

A

B

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3
Q

True or False

The position of max congruency of articular surfaces is referred to as the joints close-packed position

A

True

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4
Q

What does the sagittal plane run parallel to?

A

the sagittal suture of the skull, dividing the body into left and right sections

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5
Q

What does the frontal plane run parallel to?

A

the coronal suture of the skull, dividing the body into front and back sections

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6
Q

What does the horizontal (transverse) plane run parallel to?

A

the horizon and divides the body into upper and lower sections

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7
Q

True or False

Concentric activation occurs as a muscle produces a pulling force as it is being elongated by another – more dominant force

A

False

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8
Q

True or False

The agonist is the muscle or muscle group that is most directly related to the initiation and execution of a particular movement

A

True

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9
Q

True or False

A first class lever will always have its axis of rotation (AOR) at one end of a bone and the internal force possesses greater leverage than the external force

A

False

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10
Q

True or False

Slide represents a singular point on one articulating surface contacting multiple points on another articular surface

A

True

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11
Q

True or False

Ratio of stress caused by an applied strain in a ligament is referred to as stiffness

A

True

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12
Q

The movement of flexion/extension occurs in the sagittal plane on what axis?

A

ML axis

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13
Q

Elevation of the SC joint involves simultaneous _______ roll and ______ slide.

a. Inferior; Superior
b. Superior; Inferior
c. Superior; Superior
d. None of the Above

A

B

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14
Q

The medial end of the clavicle appears _____ in the longitudinal diameter and _____ in the transverse diameter.

a. Concave; Concave
b. Convex; Concave
c. Concave; Convex
d. Convex; Convex

A

B

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15
Q

True or False

Wolff’s law states that “bone is laid down in areas of low stress and reabsorbed in areas of high stress.”

A

False

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16
Q

Scapulothoracic elevation involves a summation of ______ at the sternoclavicular joint and _____ at the acromioclavicular joint.

a. Elevation; Depression
b. Depression; Downward
c. Elevation; Upward
d. Depression; Upward

A

A

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17
Q

Scapulothoracic upward rotation involves a summation of ______ at the sternoclavicular joint and _____ at the acromioclavicular joint.

a. Depression; Downward
b. Elevation; Upward
c. Elevation; Downward
d. Elevation; Upward

A

D

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18
Q

True or False

The Henneman Size Principle states that larger neurons are generally recruited before smaller motor neurons.

A

False

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19
Q

Retraction of the sternoclavicular joint involves simultaneous _____ roll and _____ slide.

a. Anterior; Anterior
b. Posterior; Posterior
c. Posterior; Anterior
d. Anterior; Posterior

A

B

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20
Q

The movement of the abduction/adduction occurs in the _____ plane on the ____ axis of rotation.

a. Sagittal; anterior-posterior
b. Horizontal; vertical
c. Frontal; anterior-posterior
d. Sagittal; medial-lateral

A

C

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21
Q

True or False

During flexion movement at the humeroradial joint, the fovea of the radius rolls and slides in opposite direction across the convexity of the capitulum

A

False (roll/slide in the same direction)

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22
Q

With full shoulder extension defined as 0⁰, the functional range of motion at the elbow for flexion and extension ranges from _______.

a. 30⁰ to 130⁰
b. 75⁰ to 100⁰
c. 0⁰ to 180⁰
d. -5⁰ to 145⁰

A

A

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23
Q

The rotator cuff muscles of the shoulder include:

a. Coracobrachialis
b. Biceps brachii (long head)
c. Teres minor
d. Middle deltoid
e. All of the above

A

C

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24
Q

The _______ muscle drives the superior roll of the humeral head during abduction at the glenohumeral joint

a. Infraspinatus
b. Serratus anterior
c. Supraspinatus
d. Lower trapezius

A

C

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25
Q

Please match the following functions at the scapulothoracic joint with the corresponding correct muscle.

Retractor: \_\_\_\_\_
Protractor: \_\_\_\_\_
Upward rotator: \_\_\_\_\_
Depressor: \_\_\_\_\_
Downward rotator: \_\_\_\_\_
Elevator: \_\_\_\_
    • Upper trapezius
    • Middle trapezius
    • Levator Scpulae
    • Pectoralis minor
    • Subclavius
    • Serratus anterior
A
  • Retractor: Middle trapezius
  • Protractor: Serratus anterior
  • Upward rotator: Upper trapezius
  • Depressor: Subclavius
  • Downward rotator: Pectoralis minor
  • Elevator: Levator Scapule
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26
Q

Which of the following tissues may become depressed between the humeral head and coracoacromial arch?

a. Superior GH joint capsule
b. Subacromial bursa
c. Supraspinatus tendon
d. All of Above

A

D

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27
Q

True or False

Glenohumeral joint dislocations most commonly occur in the superior direction

A

False

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28
Q

The inferior glenohumeral ligament is comprised of the following

a. Anterior band
b. Axillary pouch
c. Posterior band
d. All of Above
e. None of the above

A

D

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29
Q

True or False

The rotator cuff muscles of the shoulder are passive stabilizers of glenohumeral joint arthrokinematics

A

False

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30
Q

Vigorous contraction of the ________ muscle during full horizontal extension of the shoulder requires the scapula to be firmly stabilized by the _______ muscle.

a. Posterior deltoid; lower trapezius
b. Anterior deltoid; middle trapezius
c. Posterior deltoid; upper trapezius
d. middle deltoid lower trapezius

A

A

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31
Q

Poor or slouched posture has been correlated with a tight or overshortened _______ muscle, thus contributing to reduced volume in the subacromial space.

a. Bicpes brachii
b. Serratus anterior
c. Pectoralis minor
d. Middle trapezius
e. All of the above

A

E

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32
Q

True or False

Persons with partially torn supraspinatus tendon are advised to hold objects far away from the body in order to reduce the external moment arm of the load.

A

False

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33
Q

Assuming 180⁰ of arm abduction, what motion occurs at each of the following joints?

  • SC Joint
  • GH joint
  • ST joint
A

25⁰ posterior rotation
45⁰ external rotation
20⁰ posterior tilt

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34
Q

At the midcarpal joint, extension occurs as the capitate rolls _____ on the lunate and simultaneously slides ______.

a. Palmarly; palmarly
b. Dorsally; palmarly
c. Palmarly; dorsally
d. Dorsally; dorsally

A

B

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35
Q

At the radiocarpal joint, extension occurs as the lunate rolls _____ on the radius and simultaneously slides _____.

a. Palmarly; palmarly
b. Dorsally; palmarly
c. Palmarly; dorsally
d. Dorsally; dorsally

A

B

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36
Q

During extension of the mid-cervical spine, the inferior articular facets of the superior vertebrae slide _____ and _____, relative to the superior articular facets of the inferior vertebrae.

a. Anteriorly; inferiorly
b. Inferiorly; anteriorly
c. Inferiorly; posteriorly
d. Posteriorly; superiorly

A

C

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37
Q

During intracervical (C2-C7) lateral flexion, the inferior articular facets on the side opposite the lateral flexion slide _____ and slightly _____.

a. Posteriorly; superiorly
b. Inferiorly; posteriorly
c. Superiorly; anteriorly
d. Superiorly; inferiorly

A

C

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38
Q

During ulnar deviation at the radiocarpal joint, the _____, _____, and _____ roll ulnarly and slide radially.

a. Hamate, capitate, lunate
b. Scaphoid, trapezium, trapezoid
c. Scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum
d. Scaphoid, lunate, pisiform

A

C

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39
Q

Please match the following spinal ligaments with the correct function. Please select the best choice for each structure. Each answer selection may only be used ONE time.

PLL: \_\_\_\_\_
ALL: \_\_\_\_\_
Intertransverse Ligament: \_\_\_\_\_
Ligamentum Flavum: \_\_\_\_\_
    • Limits extension
    • Limits contralateral lateral flexion
    • Reinforces posterior aspect of IVDs
    • Limits flexion
A
  • PLL: Reinforces posterior aspect of IVDs
  • ALL: Limits extension
  • Intertransverse ligament: Limits contralateral lateral flexion
  • Ligamentum Flavum: Limits flexion
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40
Q

Kienbock’s disease is characterized by avascular necrosis of the _____.

a. Lunate
b. Scaphoid
c. Capitate
d. Trapezium
e. None of the above

A

A

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41
Q

True or False

During flexion movement at the humeroradial joint, the fovea of the radius rolls and slides in opposite direction across the convexity of the capitulum.

A

False

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42
Q

The _____ muscle creates a compression force at the humeroradial joint with associated proximal migration of the radius during motion of pronation.

a. Brachioradialis
b. Pronator Teres
c. Palmaris longus
d. Pronator quadratus

A

B

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43
Q

The distal end of the radius angles about ___ towards the unla.

a. 20⁰
b. 100⁰
c. 50⁰
d. 0⁰

A

A

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44
Q

During weight-bearing pronation/supination involving the distal radioulnar joint, the ulnar head rolls and slides in ____ direction on the unlar notch of the radius.

a. Opposite
b. Similar

A

A

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45
Q

True or False

Glenohumeral joint dislocations most commonly occur in the superior direction

A

False

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46
Q

With full elbow extension defined as 0⁰, the functional range of motion at the elbow for flexion and extension movements ranges from _______.

a. 0⁰ to 180⁰
b. 30⁰ to 130⁰
c. -5⁰ to 145⁰
d. 75⁰ to 100⁰

A

B

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47
Q

The transverse carpal ligament is connected to the _____ and ______ on the radial side of the wrist.

a. Scaphoid; trapezium
b. Scaphoid; capitate
c. Pisiform; hamate
d. Pisiform; triquetrum
e. Capitate; lunate

A

A

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48
Q

Please match the following ligaments of the elbow with the correct function (each choice may only be selected one time)

  • Medial collateral (anterior fibers):_______
  • Medial collateral (posterior fibers):_______
  • Lateral (ulnar) collateral:______
  • Annular:________
  • Radial collateral:_______
  • Valgus
  • Varus
  • Flexion and Extension
  • External rotation and flexion
  • Radial distraction
A
  • Medial collateral (anterior fibers): Flexion and Extension
  • Medial collateral (posterior fibers): Valgus
  • Lateral (ulnar) collateral: External rotation and flexion
  • Annular: Radial distraction
  • Radial collateral: Varus
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49
Q

9) Please match the following function at the scapulothoraic joint with the corresponding correct muscle. The provided muscles may be selected only one time.

  • Retractor: ________
  • Upward Rotator: __________
  • Downward Rotator: _________
  • Middle trapezius
  • Upper trapezius
  • Pectoralis Minor
A
  • Retractor: Middle trapezius
  • Upward Rotator: Upper trapezius
  • Downward Rotator: Pectoralis Minor
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50
Q

During pronation of the forearm, the fovea of the radial head _____ against the capitulum of the humerus.

a. Glides
b. Slides
c. Spins
d. Rolls
e. None of the above

A

C

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51
Q

Excessive tightness in the _____ capsule of the GH joint is associated with shoulder impingement syndrome.

a. Inferior
b. Superior
c. Posterior
d. Anterior
e. None of the above

A

C

52
Q

True or False

During pronation and supination of the forearm, the axis of rotation extends obliquely from the radial head to the ulnar head

A

True

53
Q

The medial compartment of the mid-carpal joint is formed by the capitate and hamate articulating with the ______, ______, and ______.

a. Scaphoid, lunate, trapezium
b. Trapezium, trapezoid, triquetrum
c. Scaphoid, lunate, pisiform
d. Scaphoid, lunate, trapezium
e. None of the above

A

A

54
Q

Based on a generalized 2:1 scapulohumeral rhythm, 180⁰ of abduction is result of a simultaneous ___ of GH joint abduction ___ of scapulothoracic upward rotation.

a. 140⁰; 40⁰
b. 60⁰; 120⁰
c. 120⁰; 60⁰

A

C

55
Q

True or False

The scaphoid bone receives its blood supply from ulnar artery and branches of posterior interosseous artery

A

False (Radial Artery)

56
Q

Adduction of the glenohumeral joint involves simultaneous ___________ roll and __________ slide.

a. Inferior; inferior
b. Superior; inferior
c. Inferior; superior
d. Superior, superior

A

C

57
Q

With the “thumb-up” position defined as 0° (neutral), the functional range of motion at the forearm for supination and pronation movement ranges from __________.

a. 0° to 130°
b. -100° to 100°
c. 85° to 75°
d. 50° to 50°

A

D

58
Q

Reduced forearm pronation and supination can be compensated for by __________ and ___________ rotating the shoulder, respectively.

a. Laterally; medially
b. Upwardly; downwardly
c. Internally; externally
d. Externally; internally
e. None of the above

A

C

59
Q

Normal cubitis valgus of the elbow is defined as an angulation of about _________ from the longitudinal axis of the humerus.

a. 15°
b. 5°
c. 75°
d. 30°
e. None of the above

A

A

60
Q

Please match the following functions at the scapulothoracic joint with the corresponding correct muscle. The provided muscles may be selected only one time.

  • Protractor: ______
  • Depressor: ________
  • Elevator: _______
  • Levator Scapulae
  • Serratus Anterior
  • Subclavius
A
  • Protractor: Serratus Anterior
  • Depressor: Subclavius
  • Elevator: Levator Scapulae
61
Q

True or False

During supination of the forearm in a weight-bearing position, the radius and carpal bones rotate around a fixed humerus and ulna

A

False

62
Q

True or False

In a non-weight-bearing position, the radius and carpal bones rotate around a fixed radius

A

False

63
Q

The _________muscle has on average the largest physiologic cross-sectional area average of any flexor muscle crossing the elbow joint.

a. Biceps Brachii (long head)
b. Pronator teres
c. Biceps brachii (short head)
d. Brachioradialis
e. Brachialis
f. None of the above

A

E

64
Q

Please match the following upper extremity muscles with the correct elbow/forearm function. Each choice may only be selected one time.

  • Brachioradialis:______
  • Extensor pollicis longus:______
  • Anconeus:________
  • Flexor carpi radialis:______
  • Extensor
  • Flexor
  • Flexor
  • Supinator
A
  • Brachioradialis: flexor
  • Extensor pollicis longus: supinator
  • Anconeus: extensor
  • Flexor carpi radialis: flexor
65
Q

Kienbock’s Disease is characterized by avascular necrosis of the _________.

a. Capitate
b. Scaphoid
c. Trapezium
d. Lunate
e. None of the above

A

D

66
Q

True or False

Osteoarthritis of the knee is more common in the obese population compared to the non-population

A

True

67
Q

Please label the following with joints with their joint classification

a. SC joint
b. Radiocarpal joint
c. Humeroulnar joint

A

Saddle

Ellipsoid

Hinge

68
Q

During ulnar deviation at the radiocarpal joint, the ________, ________, and ________ roll ulnarly and slide radially

a. Scaphoid, lunate, pisiform
b. scaphoid, lunate triquetrum
c. Hamate, capitate, lunate
d. Scaphoid, trapezium, trapezoid

A

B

69
Q

ST downward rotation involves a summation of ________ at the SC and _______ rotation at the AC joint

a. depression, upward
b. elevation, downward
c. depression, downward
d. elevation, upward

A

C

70
Q

During weight bearing pronation/supination involving the distal radioulnar joint, the ulnar head rolls and slides in _________ directions on the ulnar notch of the radius

a. Similar
b. Opposite

A

B

71
Q

Supination of the ankle and foot involves what three motions?

a. eversion, abduction, and dorsiflexion
b. eversion, adduction, and plantarflexion
c. inversion, adduction, and plantarflexion
d. inversion, abduction, and dorsiflexion

A

C

72
Q

At the midcarpal joint, extension occurs as the capitate rolls _______ on the lunate and simultaneously slides _______

a. palmarly, palmarly
b. palmarly, dorsally
c. dorsally, dorsally
d. dorsally, palmarly

A

D

73
Q

ST depression involves a summation of _______ at the SC joint and ______ rotation at the AC joint.

a. depression, upward
b. depression, downward
c. elevation, downward
d. elevation, upward

A

A

74
Q

True or False

The ratio of the stress caused by an applied strain in ligament is referred to as Young’s modulus

A

True

75
Q

At the radiocarpal joint, extension occurs as the lunate rolls ______ on the radius and simultaneously slides _________

a. dorsally, dorsally
b. dorsally, palmarly
c. palmarly, dorsally
d. palmarly, palmarly

A

B

76
Q

Aadduction of the GH joint involves simultaneous ______ roll and _____ slide

a. inferior, superior
b. superior, superior
c. superior, inferior
d. inferior inferior

A

A

77
Q

With full elbow extension defined as 0°, the functional range of motion at the elbow for flexion and extension movements ranges from __ to ___

a. 75° to 100°
b. 30° to 130°
c. -5° to 145°
d. 0° to 180°

A

B

78
Q

Depression at the SC joint involves simultaneous ________ roll and ________ slide

a. inferior, inferior
b. inferior superior
c. superior, superior
d. superior, inferior

A

B

79
Q

Pronation of the ankle and foot involves what three motions?

a. eversion, adduction, and plantarflexion
b. inversion, abduction, and dorsiflexion
c. inversion, adduction, and plantar flexion
d. eversion, abduction, and dorsiflexion

A

D

80
Q

Pronation and supination of the ankle and foot occur around the ______ axis

a. AP
b. Vertical
c. Oblique
d. ML

A

C

81
Q

Protraction of the SC joint involves simultaneous ______ roll and ______ slide

a. posterior, anterior
b. anterior, anterior
c. anterior, posterior
d. posterior, posterior

A

B

82
Q

The primary function of the deltoid ligament is to limit what motion?

a. adduction
b. inversion
c. abduction
d. eversion

A

D

83
Q

Describe the roll and slide of the talus during ankle dorsiflexion

a. slide posterior, and roll anterior
b. slide posterior, and roll posterior
c. slide anterior, and roll posterior
d. slide posterior, and roll anterior

A

A

84
Q

The loose packed position or unstable position of the ankle mortise joint is?

a. full inversion
b. full plantarflexion
c. full dorsiflexion
d. full eversion

A

B

85
Q

True or False

While performing bent knee sit-ups, the resultant spinal compression to a fully flexed spine does not meet or exceed the NIOSH action limit for low back compression

A

False

86
Q

Potential Causes of Avascular necrosis to the hip may include

a. fracture
b. prolonged corticosteroids
c. radiation therapy
d. sickle cell anemia
e. only a & b are correct
f. a, b, c & d are correct

A

F

87
Q

Excessive anterior pelvic tilt of the pelvis during gait is due to:

a. hip flexor contracture
b. hip extensor contracture
c. lack of passive hip extension
d. both a and b
e. both a and c

A

E

88
Q

How many degrees of hip extension are needed for proper gait mechanics

a. 15°
b. 30°
c. 10°
d. 20°

A

C

89
Q

A spine that is not fully flexed ensures that the back extensor muscles provide a supporting _____ shear forece on the superior vertebrae. While full flexion causes the interspinous ligament complex to strain, imposing ______ shear force on the superior vertebrae

a. posterior, posterior
b. anterior, anterior
c. anterior, posterior
d. posterior, anterior
e. none of the above

A

D

90
Q

The lack of ankle dorsiflexion during the gait cycle can lead to what?

a. excessive ‘toeing out’ gait pattern
b. increased pronation
c. a ‘bouncing’ gait pattern
d. all of the above

A

D

91
Q

How many degrees of great toe extension should take place during toe off?

a. 35°- 45°
b. 45° - 55°
c. 55° - 65°
d. 65° - 75°

A

B

92
Q

The ‘hoop’ around the abdomen that stabilizes the lumbar spine is comprised of:

a. lumbodorsal fascia anteriorly
b. abdominal fasica posteriorly
c. active abdominal muscles laterally
d. only a & c are correct
e. a, b, & c are correct

A

C

93
Q

Excessive frontal plane motion of the pelvis during gait cycle is likely due to ____________

a. hip abductor contracture
b. hip adductor contracture
c. hip abductor weakness
d. hip adduction weakness

A

C

94
Q

At heel contact, ground reactive forces produce ______.

a. tibial medial rotation
b. talar medial rotation
c. femoral lateral rotation
d. subtalar eversion

A

D

95
Q

The ________ muscles plantar flex and pronate the foot to help counteract the strong inversion/supination effect caused by the _______.

a. fibularis, tibialis posterior
b. fibularis, tibialis anterior
c. tibialis posterior, extensor digitorum
d. tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum

A

A

96
Q

True or False

A patient presenting with a rupture of the biceps muscle may have difficulty performing tasks involving pronation of the forearm

A

False

97
Q

Heel slap during gait deviation is likely due to _________________

a. common peroneal nerve palsy
b. mild weakness of ankle dorsiflexors
c. distal peripheral neuropathy
d. all of the above

A

D

98
Q

True or False

According to research, training the rectus abdominis muscle can be accomplished with a single exercise

A

True

99
Q

The center-edge angle defines the extent to which the acetabulum covers the _____ of the femoral head

a. bottom
b. front
c. back
d. top

A

D

100
Q

During extension of the thoracic spine, the inferior articular facets of the superior vertebrae slide ______ and ______ relative to the superior articular facets of the interior vertebrae

a. anteriorly, inferiorly
b. posteriorly, superiorly
c. inferiorly, posteriorly
d. inferiorly, anteriorly

A

C

101
Q

Potential ill-advised rehabilitation recommendations include

a. strengthen the muscles in the torso to protect the back
b. avoid end-range flexion during exercising with loads
c. bend the knees when performing sit-ups
d. only a & c are ill advised

A

C

102
Q

Femoral-on-pelvic hip abduction involves simulataneous ______ roll and _______ slide

a. inferior ; superior
b. superior; superior
c. superior; inferior
d. inferior; inferior

A

C

103
Q

True or False

As a means of low back injury prevention, it is recommended that people such as ambulance drivers and athletes sitting on benches immediately exert themselves after a period of prolonged lumbar flexion

A

False

104
Q

True or False

The knee must be fully extended to maximize the independent axial rotation between the tibia and femur

A

True

105
Q

The national institute of occupational safety and health (NIOSH) action limit for low back compression is about _________ Newtons

a. 33
b. 330
c. 3300
d. 33000

A

C

106
Q

Which of the following statements about annulus injury and resulting bulging/herniation is true?

a. it appears that the disc must be bent to the full ROM in order to herniate
b. disc herniation is associated with repeated loading in the range of thousands of times
c. herniations tend to occur in older spines
d. only a & b are true
e. a, b, & c are true

A

D

107
Q

Please match the following hip muscles with the correct function

  • hip abductor (secondary):_______
  • hip flexor (primary):______
  • hip abductor (primary): _________
  • hip flexor (secondary): ______
  • hip external rotator (secondary): _______
  • hip external rotator (primary): ________
  • gracilis
  • piriformis
  • rectus femoris
  • quadratus externus
  • tensor fascia lata
  • quadratus femoris
A
  • hip abductor (secondary): piriformis
  • hip flexor (primary): rectus femoris
  • hip abductor (primary): tensor fascia lata
  • hip flexor (secondary): gracilis
  • hip external rotator (secondary): quadratus externus
  • hip external rotator (primary): quadratus femoris
108
Q

True or False

An end plate fracture may mimic the symptoms of a disc herniation

A

True

109
Q

True or False

Based on research involving athletes such as gymnasts, damage to the posterior vertebral elements (pars interarticularis) may be associated with a repeated full range of motion

A

True

110
Q

Locking of the knee in full extension requires about 10° of _______ rotation

a. internal
b. external

A

B

111
Q

The clinical presentation for plantar fasciitis may include

a. sharp heel pain during the first steps in the morning
b. pes cavus
c. pain with extension of 4th and 5th digits of the foot
d. excessive ankle dorsiflexion
e. all of the above

A

A

112
Q

True or False

Evidence suggests that reducing spin compressive loads reduces the risk of end plate fracture

A

True

113
Q

ST protraction involves a summation of _________ at the SC and _________ rotation at the AC

a. retraction, external
b. protraction, internal
c. protraction, external
d. retraction, internal
e. none of the above

A

B

114
Q

Match the following end-range position with the correct taut tissue

  • hip extension (knee extended): _______
  • flexion (knee flexed):_______
  • extension (knee flexed): ______
  • flexion (knee extended): ______
  • hamstrings
  • iliofemoral ligament
  • interior capsule
  • rectus femoris
A
  • hip extension (knee extended): iliofemoral ligament
  • flexion (knee flexed): interior capsule
  • extension (knee flexed): rectus femoris
  • flexion (knee extended): hamstrings
115
Q

The medial end range of the clavicle appears ________ in the longitudinal diameter and _________ in the transverse diameter

a. concave; concave
b. concave; convex
c. convex; convex
d. convex; concave

A

D

116
Q

True or False

Upward and downward rotation are the primary motions occurring at the AC joint

A

True

117
Q

Please match the following stages of adhesive capsulitis with the correct clinical presentation

  • “freezing” stage:___________
  • “thawing stage”:__________
  • “frozen” stage:__________
  • minimal shoulder pain
  • pain only at end-range shoulder movements
  • pain throughout entire shoulder ROM
A
  • “freezing” stage: pain throughout entire shoulder ROM
  • “thawing stage”: minimal shoulder pain
  • “frozen” stage: pain only at end-range shoulder movements
118
Q

Match the following terms with the correct knee frontal plane angulation

  • genu varum: ______
  • normal genu varum: ______
  • excessive genu valgum: _____

• > 180°
• 170° - 175°
•

A
  • genu varum: > 180° (bow-legged)
  • normal genu varum: 170° - 175°
  • excessive genu valgum:
119
Q

True or False

In those patients with low back injuries, a posterior pelvic tilt exercise is recommended when performing low back exercise

A

False

120
Q

frontal plane motion of the knee occurs _______ only, and is limited to ___.

a. actively; ~6° - 7°
b. passively, ~6° - 7°
c. Actively, ~15° - 20°
d. passively, ~15° - 20°

A

B

121
Q

Match the following ligaments with the correct function

  • LCL: _______
  • PCL: _______
  • MCL: ________
  • ACL: ________
  • resists varus
  • resists knee flexion
  • resists valgus
  • resists knee extension
A
  • LCL: resists varus
  • PCL: resists knee flexion
  • MCL: resists valgus
  • ACL: resists knee extension
122
Q

Femoral-on-pelvic knee flexion involves simulataneous ________ roll and _______ slide

a. posterior, anterior
b. anterior, posterior
c. anterior, anterior
d. posterior, posterior

A

A

123
Q

What are the following terms and their correct hip frontal plane angulation (angle of inclination)

a. normal:_____
b. coxa vara:_____
c. coxa valga:_____

A

125°

< 125°

> 125°

124
Q

Meniscal tears are often associated with forceful

a. axial, flexed
b. frontal, extended
c. horizontal, extended
d. sagittal, flexed

A

A

125
Q

The closed-packed position for hip includes full _______ in conjunction with slight _________ and _______

a. flexion, internal rotation, abduction
b. extension, internal rotation, adduction
c. flexion, internal rotation, adduction
d. extension, internal rotation, abduction
e. extension, external rotation, adduction

A

D

126
Q

Dring intercervical (C2-C7) lateral flexion, the inferior articular facets on the side opposite the lateral flexion slide _______ and slightly ________.

a. superiorly, anteriorly
b. superiorly, inferiorly
c. posteriorly, superiorly
d. inferiorly, posteriorly

A

C

Year One Comprehensive Material (16 decks)

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