Trypanosoma Cruzi

Question 1

order

Answer 1

kinetoplastorida

Question 2

common name

Answer 2

chaga’s disease

Question 3

hosts

Answer 3

dogs, cats, humans

Question 4

what are the reservoir hosts?

Answer 4

many animals, wild and domestic

Question 5

what are required for growth?

Answer 5

vectors

Question 6

identification

Answer 6

elongated
spindle or leaf shaped
nucleus near middle 
flagella
kinetoplast
undulating membrane

Question 7

size?

Answer 7

20 micrometers

Question 8

what end is pointed?

Answer 8

posterior end

Question 9

how many flagellum are on the posterior end?

Answer 9

one

Question 10

what end has a free flagellum?

Answer 10

anterior tip

Question 11

site of infection

Answer 11

blood- cardiac and smooth muscle

Question 12

how is this parasite transmitted?

Answer 12

biting insects

Question 13

life cycle

Answer 13

and infected triatomine insect vector takes a blood meal and releases trypomastigotes in its feces near the bite wound. trypomastigotes enter the host wound. Trypomastigotes invade cells, where they differentiate and invade the circulation as blood stream trypomastigotes. Trypomastigotes infect cells and transform into amastigotes.

Question 14

who are the common triatomine vector species?

Answer 14

belong to the genera Triatoma, Rhodnius, and Panstrongylus

Question 15

do blood stream trypomastigotes replicate?

Answer 15

no- replication resumes only when the parasite enters another cell or are ingested by another vector

Question 16

how does the kissing bug get infected?

Answer 16

by feeding on human or animal blood that contains circulating parasites. the ingested trypomastigotes transform into epimastigotes in the midgut. the parasites multiply and differentiate in the midgut. Turn into infective metacyclic trypomastigotes in the hind gut

Question 17

how do trypanosomes enter the body?

Answer 17

oral, nasal, conjuctival mucosae or infected bug feces. Also through, placenta, blood transfusion, organ transplant or when dogs drink water with infected bugs

Question 18

pathogenesis

Answer 18

pathology in heart muscle - highly pathogenic

3 stages of disease: acute, latent, and chronic

Question 19

who is most susceptible to Chagas?

Answer 19

puppies and kittens

Question 20

clinical signs

Answer 20

cardiac disease, pale mucous, membranes, lethargy, ascites, hepatomegaly (enlarged liver), splenomegaly, tachyarrhythmia, lymphadenopathy

Question 21

diagnosis

Answer 21

blood smear

xenodiagnosis or serological tests

Question 22

treatment

Answer 22

no treatment known

possibly insecticides

Question 23

what is kinetoplast?

Answer 23

modified mitochondria

Question 24

what is undulating membrane

Answer 24

external flagellum attached to cell body

Question 25

what are the various forms of trypanosomatids

Answer 25

trypomastigote, amastigote, epimastigote, promastigote