25 OS quiz

Question 3

The land plants are probably descendants of which group?

Answer 3

green algae

Specifically Charophytes, sharing traits like chlorophyll a and b and cellulose-rich cell walls.

Question 4

Alternation of generations means that plants produce:

Answer 4

both haploid and diploid multicellular organisms

Plants alternate between haploid gametophyte and diploid sporophyte stages.

Question 5

Which trait allows plants to grow in height?

Answer 5

tracheids

Tracheids provide structural support and water transport.

Question 6

How does a haplontic plant population maintain genetic diversity?

Answer 6

Zygotes are produced by random fusion.

Random fusion of gametes increases variability in offspring.

Question 7

What characteristic of Charales helps survive a dry spell?

Answer 7

sporopollenin

Sporopollenin protects zygotes and spores from desiccation.

Question 8

Which characteristic is present in land plants but not Charales?

Answer 8

alternation of generations

Land plants exhibit true alternation of multicellular haploid and diploid stages.

Question 9

Genome sequencing support for Charophytes in Plantae:

Answer 9

The Chara genome is more similar to the tomato plant genome than the red algae genome.

Closer genetic similarity suggests a shared evolutionary lineage.

Question 10

Feature that does not support Charophytes as plants:

Answer 10

Charophytes do not exhibit growth throughout the entire plant body.

Land plants grow continuously; Charophytes’ limited growth sets them apart.

Question 11

Structure not found in bryophytes:

Answer 11

root

Bryophytes lack true roots; they have rhizoids for anchorage.

Question 12

Stomata appear in which group of plants?

Answer 12

hornworts

Hornworts and mosses have stomata for gas exchange; liverworts generally do not.

Question 13

Chromosome complement in moss protonema:

Answer 13

1n

Protonema is part of the haploid gametophyte stage.

Question 14

Why do mosses grow well in the Arctic tundra?

Answer 14

They do not have true roots and can grow on hard surfaces.

Mosses thrive in harsh, nutrient-poor environments.

Question 15

Common life cycle stage during drought in bryophytes:

Answer 15

gametophyte

The dominant gametophyte stage persists during environmental stress.

Question 16

Microphylls are characteristic of which plants?

Answer 16

club mosses

Microphylls are small leaves with a single vein.

Question 17

Plant with segmented stem and whorled leaves:

Answer 17

horsetail

Horsetails have hollow, jointed stems and whorled leaf arrangement.

Question 18

Structures on fern leaves containing sporangia:

Answer 18

sori

Sori are clusters of sporangia on the underside of fern fronds.

Question 19

Dominant organism in fern life cycle:

Answer 19

sporophyte

The large leafy plant is the diploid sporophyte stage, dominant over the gametophyte.

Question 20

Seedless plant used as renewable energy source:

Answer 20

sphagnum moss

Sphagnum moss accumulates as peat, which can be dried and burned.

Question 21

How mosses contribute to nitrogen return:

Answer 21

Mosses harbor cyanobacteria that fix nitrogen.

Symbiotic cyanobacteria fix atmospheric nitrogen, enriching soil.

Question 22

Evolution of megaphylls in plants is an example of:

Answer 22

parallel evolution

Different plant lineages independently evolved broad leaves (megaphylls).