Ch 25 Seedless Plants

Question 1

adventitious

Answer 1

describes an organ that grows in an unusual place, such as a roots growing from the side of a stem

adventicius ‘coming to us from abroad’ (from advenire ‘arrive’)

Question 2

antheridium

Answer 2

male gametangium

Question 3

archegonium
(är-ki-ˈgō-nē-əm)

Answer 3

female gametangium

Question 4

capsule

Answer 4

case of the sporangium in mosses

Question 5

charophyte
(karəˌfīt)

Answer 5

green algae; considered the closest relative of land plants

Question 6

club mosses

Answer 6

earliest group of seedless vascular plants

Question 7

diplontic
/ˌdipˈlän(t)ik/

Answer 7

diploid stage is the dominant stage

Dominant in this context means both the stage in which the organism spends most of its time, and the stage in which most mitotic cell reproduction occurs—the multicellular stage.

Question 8

embryophyte

Answer 8

AKA land plant; embryo is protected and nourished by the sporophyte

Question 9

extant

Answer 9

still-living species

Question 10

extinct

Answer 10

no-longer-existing species

Question 11

fern

Answer 11

seedless vascular plant that produces large fronds; the most advanced group of seedless vascular plants

Question 12

gametangium
/ˌɡaməˈtanjēəm/

Answer 12

structure on the gametophyte in which gametes are produced

Question 13

gemma (plural, gemmae)

Answer 13

leaf fragment that spreads for asexual reproduction

Question 14

haplodiplontic

Answer 14

haploid and diploid stages alternate

Question 15

haplontic
(ha-ˈplän-tik)

Answer 15

haploid stage is the dominant stage

Question 16

heterosporous

Answer 16

produces two types of spores

Question 17

homosporous

Answer 17

produces one type of spore

Question 18

hornworts

Answer 18

group of non-vascular plants in which stomata appear

Question 19

horsetail

Answer 19

seedless vascular plant characterized by joints

Question 20

lignin

Answer 20

complex polymer impermeable to water

Question 21

liverworts

Answer 21

most primitive group of the non-vascular plants

Question 22

lycophyte (ex.?)

Answer 22

club mosess

Lycophytes are ancient, seedless vascular plants also known as fern allies. They are characterized by having microphylls (simple leaves with a single, unbranched vein) and reproduce by spores, rather than seeds.

Question 23

megaphyll

Answer 23

larger leaves with a pattern of branching veins

Question 24

megaspore

Answer 24

female spore

Question 25

microphyll (ex?)

Answer 25

small size and simple vascular system with a **single unbranched vein** ex: clubmosses and horsetails

Question 26

microspore

Answer 26

male spore

Question 27

mosses

Answer 27

group of **bryophytes** in which a primitive **conductive system** appears

Question 28

non-vascular plant

Answer 28

plant that lacks vascular tissue, which is formed of specialized cells for the transport of water and nutrients

Question 29

peat moss

Answer 29

Sphagnum (sfag · nuhm)

Question 30

peristome

Answer 30

**tissue** that surrounds the **opening of the capsule** and **allows periodic release of spores**

Question 31

phloem

Answer 31

tissue responsible for transport of sugars, proteins, and other solutes

Question 32

protonema

Answer 32

tangle of single-celled filaments that forms from the haploid spore

Question 33

rhizoids

Answer 33

thin **filaments that anchor** the plant to the substrate

Question 34

seedless vascular plant

Answer 34

plant that does not produce seeds

Question 35

seta (sē-tə)

Answer 35

stalk that supports the capsule in mosses

Question 36

sporocyte

Answer 36

diploid cell that produces spores by meiosis

Question 37

sporophyll

Answer 37

leaf modified structurally to bear sporangia

Question 38

sporopollenin (ˌspȯr-ə-ˈpä-lə-nən )

Answer 38

tough polymer surrounding the spore

Question 39

streptophytes

Answer 39

group that includes green algae and land plants

Question 40

strobili (strō-ˈbī-ˌlī /ˈstrō-bə-)

Answer 40

cone-like structures that contain the sporangia

Question 41

tracheophyte ˈtrā-kē-ə-ˌfīt

Answer 41

vascular plant

Question 42

vascular plant

Answer 42

plant containing a network of cells that conducts water and solutes through the organism

Question 43

vein

Answer 43

**bundle of vascular tissue** made of **xylem** and **phloem**

Question 44

whisk fern

Answer 44

seedless vascular plant that lost roots and leaves by reduction

Question 45

xylem

Answer 45

tissue responsible for long-distance transport of water and nutrients