25.6.2013(pediatrics) 48

Question 0

Causes of secondary lactase deficiency

Answer 0

Celiac disease

Rotavirus

Question 1

Types of lactase deficiency

Answer 1

Congenital
Primary adult hypolactasia
Secondary lactase deficiency

Question 2

Diagnosis of lactose intolerance

Answer 2

Hydrogen breath test

Assay of lactase in intestinal biopsy

Question 3

Rx of lactose intolerance

Answer 3

Lactase tablet

Live culture yogurt

Question 4

Causes of gastroenteritis

Answer 4

Viral
 1.rota
 2.noro(Norwalk,calici)
Bacterial
 1.salmonella
 2.campylobacter

Question 5

Syndromes associated with short stature

Answer 5

Down
Turner
Noonan
Williams
Russell silver

Question 6

Russell silver syndrome

Answer 6

Short stature(prenatal onset)
Delayed bone age
Clinodactyly 
Cafe au lait spot
Triangular face
Frontal bossing
Normal HC
Hyperhidrosis

Question 7

Causes of cafe au lait spots

Answer 7

NF1(coast of California)
Mc cune Albright (coast of Maine)
Russell silver
Tuberous sclerosis
Fanconi Anemia

Question 8

Type of CP commonly associated with birth asphyxia

Answer 8

Extra pyramidal CP

Question 9

Most common complication of measles

Answer 9

Acute otitis media

Question 10

Most common cause of death in measles

Answer 10

Pneumonia

Question 11

Most serious complication of measles

Answer 11

Meningoencephalitis

Question 12

Ocular complications of measles

Answer 12

Cattarhal conjunctivitis
Corneal ulcer
Retinitis
Optic neuritis
Koplik spot on conjunctiva

Question 13

Causes of tall stature

Answer 13

Weaver syndrome
Sotos syndrome
Klinefelter
Testicular feminization 
Beckwidth wideman
Exogenous obesity
Marfan
Homocystinuria
Fragile X syndrome

Question 14

Electrolyte abnormality presenting as hematuria

Answer 14

Idiopathic hypercalciuria

Question 15

Metabolic causes of neonatal seizures

Answer 15

Hypoglycemia
Hypocalcemia
Hypomagnesimia

Question 16

Rx of intusucception

Answer 16

Air,saline or barium reduction(contraindicated if child is in shock)

Question 17

Onset of intusucception

Answer 17

Btw 3mon - 6yrs of age(most common cause of intestinal obstruction in this age group)

Question 18

Postoperative intussuception

Answer 18

Ileo illeal

Occurs within 5 days of abdominal surgery

Question 19

Radiological signs in intussuception

Answer 19

Target sign
Doughnut sign
Coiled spring appearance

Question 20

Reduction of intussuception is contraindicated in

Answer 20

Signs of shock
Intestinal perforation
Peritoneal irritation
Pneumatosis intestinalis

Question 21

Drug used to prevent recurrent intussuception

Answer 21

Corticosteroids

Question 22

In chronic ITP antibodies against which antigen are common

Answer 22

GpIIb-IIIa

Question 23

Essential steps in treatment of malnourished child

Answer 23

Rx hypoglycemia 
Rx hypothermia
Rx dehydration
Rx electrolyte deficiencies
Rx infection
Give micronutrients
Start cautions feeding
Achieve catchup growth
Provide sensory stimulation and emotional support
Follow up

Question 24

Hypoglycemia

Answer 24

Less than 54mg/dl

Question 25

Micronutrients provided in malnourished child

Answer 25

``` Vit A Folate Iron Zinc Copper ```

Question 26

Phases in Rx of malnourished child

Answer 26

``` Stabilisation phase(first 7 days) Rehabilitation phase(2-6weeks) ```

Question 27

Primary failure to respond to Rx in malnourished child is indicated by

Answer 27

Failure to regain appetite or starting to loose Edema by day 4 Presence of Edema by day 10 Failure to gain 5g/kg/day by day 10 Secondary failure Failure to regain atleast 5g/kg/day for 3 consecutive days during rehabilitation phase

Question 28

Diseases during nutritional rehabilitation

Answer 28

Pseudotumor cerebri Nutritional recovery syndrome(high protein results in high estrogen levels) Encephalitis like syndrome

Question 29

Criteria for discharge after Rx of malnourished child

Answer 29

``` No Edema No infection Immunised Intake of 120-130cal/kg/day Consistent weight gain Weight for height is 90% of NCHS median ```

Question 30

Most common obstructive urethral lesion in newborn

Answer 30

PUV

Question 31

Most common cause of endstage renal failure in boys

Answer 31

PUV

Question 32

IOC for PUV

Answer 32

Voiding cystourethrogram

Question 33

Rx of posterior urethral valves

Answer 33

Endoscopic resection | Preterm: cutaneous vesicostomy

Question 34

Organic causes of constipation

Answer 34

Vincristine Myotonic dystrophy Milk protein allergy

Question 35

Length of suction tube

Answer 35

5cm for mouth | 3cm for nose

Question 36

Early sign of septic shock

Answer 36

Hyperventilation

Question 37

MCV of cord blood

Answer 37

110fl

Question 38

MCV at various ages

Answer 38

At birth 108fl 1month 104fl 1year 78fl Adult level reached by 12-18yrs(90fl)