26 Health Assessment

Question 1

5 types of Health Assessment

Answer 1

1 comprehensive/initial
2 ongoing/partial
3focused
4 emergency

Question 2

primary source of info is from…

Answer 2

the patient.

Question 3

preparing patient for physical assessment

Answer 3

• consider physiologic/psychologic needs
• explain process
• explain physical assessment will not be painful
• explain procedure
• ask patient to change into gown + empty bladder
• answer patient questions directly + honestly

Question 4

Sim’s Position

Answer 4

laying on left side w right leg and right arm raised

Question 5

Supine

Answer 5

laying on back

Question 6

Prone

Answer 6

laying on belly

Question 7

Lithotomy

Answer 7

laying on back with legs open and raised

Question 8

Dorsal Recumbent

Answer 8

laying on back with legs bent and open

Question 9

Low Fowlers, Fowlers, High Fowlers

Answer 9

Low Fowlers 30 degree
Fowlers 45 degree
High Fowlers sitting, leaning forward

Question 10

what is high fowler position for

Answer 10

breathing problems, feeding issues

Question 11

General Survey

Answer 11

• general appearance
• vital signs
• height, weight, waist measurement

Question 12

auscultation sound types

Answer 12

pitch, loudness, quality, duration

Question 13

3 places we carry our fluids

Answer 13

cells, bloodstream, inbetween

Question 14

Pitting Edema

Answer 14

when an indentation remains after palpation

-may be measured by mm

Question 15

objective vs subjective data

Answer 15

objective = signs
subjective = symptoms

Question 16

Health Assessment

Answer 16

health history + physical assessment

Question 17

health history vs physical assessment

Answer 17

both make up a HEALTH ASSESSMENT

health hx is collection of subjective info

phys assessment is collection of objective data

Question 18

Comprehensive Health Assessment

Answer 18

broad; incl. complete health hx + physical assessment

-conducted when patient first enters a health care setting

Question 19

why is a comprehensive health assessment important?

Answer 19

makes up the patient’s baseline for comparing later assessments

Question 20

Ongoing Partial Health Assessment

Answer 20

aka follow-up assmt

• conducted at reg intervals (beginning of each patient visit)
• focuses on ID’d health problems, to monitor +/- changes, + evaluate intervention effectiveness

Question 21

Focused Health Assessment

Answer 21

• conducted to assess a specific problem
• may also address most immediate/highest priority concern for patient
  ex) woman w ab pain:focus will be on urinary, bowel, allergies, or menstrual history

Question 22

Emergency Health Assessment

Answer 22

type of rapid focused assessment

-conducted while addressing life-threatening/unstable situation

Question 23

Physical Assessment

sequence

Answer 23

1 inspection
2 palpation
3 percussion
4 auscultation

**bilateral body parts are inspected for symetry

Question 24

ecchymosis

Answer 24

collection of blood in subcutaneous tissue, causes purplish discoloration

Question 25

lesions

Answer 25

diseased or injured tissue | ex) bruise, cut, burn, scratch

Question 26

Abdomen Assessment | sequence

Answer 26

1 inspection 2 auscultation 3 percussion 4 palpation

Question 27

why is percussion + palpation sequenced towards the end?

Answer 27

they can stimulate bowel sounds

Question 28

Abdomen Auscultation | sequence

Answer 28

1 R lower Q 2 R upper Q 3 L upper Q 4 L lower Q

Question 29

PERRLA

Answer 29

``` pupils are Equal Round Reactive to Light + Accommodations ```

Question 30

supine is best for...

Answer 30

VS, head, neck, lung,s heart, breasts, abdomen, extremities

Question 31

never check a patient's pulse in these positions

Answer 31

standing or sitting can alter the patient's pulse

Question 32

Prone is best for...

Answer 32

hip joint, posterior thorax

Question 33

Knee to chest is best for...

Answer 33

anus/rectum... but sim's is usually more common

Question 34

sitting is best for...

Answer 34

lung expansion

Question 35

6 Cardinal Gaze

Answer 35

- checks for 6 extraocular eye muscles are working along with cranial nerves III, IV, VI - wagon wheel or H technique

Question 36

Accommodation

Answer 36

+++LENS CHANGING ITS SHAPE++ act of physiologically adjusting crystalline lens elements to alter the refractive power and bring objects that are closer to the eye into sharp focus

Question 37

how to check for accommodation

Answer 37

have the patient focus on a n object close to the face and move away -check for pupil constrict/dilate

Question 38

normal bowel sounds

Answer 38

gurgles and clicks every 5 - 34 seconds | -can be heard w diaphragm

Question 39

HYPOactive bowel sounds may indicate...

Answer 39

post-abdomen surgery or | late bowel obstruction

Question 40

HYPERactive bowel sounds may indicate...

Answer 40

diarrhea or early bowel obstruction

Question 41

absent bowel sounds may indicate...

Answer 41

peritonitis or paralytic ileus

Question 42

high pitched tinkling of rushes of high pitched sounds may indicate...

Answer 42

bowel obstruction

Question 43

diaphragm vs bell for pitch

Answer 43

high pitch = diaphragm | low = bell

Question 44

Pitting Edema | grading

Answer 44

``` 1+ 2mm 2+ 4mm 3+ 6mm 4+ 8mm Brawny fluid can no longer be displaced, no more pitting, tissue palpates as hard + firm ```

Question 45

Snellen Chart reading

Answer 45

someone with 20/60 vision can read at 20 feet away what a person with normal vision could read at 60 feet away

Question 46

percussion checks for...

Answer 46

location, shape, size, density of tissues

Question 47

Tonsil Grading

Answer 47

``` 0 removed tonsils 1 hidden w/in pillars 2 extending to pillars 3 beyond pillars 4 extend to midline ```

Question 48

Orthostatic Hypertension

Answer 48

increase in the blood pressure upon assuming an upright posture

Question 49

Otoscope

Answer 49

medical device which is used to look into the ears

Question 50

Ophthalmoscope

Answer 50

an instrument for inspecting the retina and other parts of the eye.

Question 51

conditions that can lead to Systolic Hypertension

Answer 51

``` 1+ gradual stiffening of large arteries 2 anemia 3 overactive thyroid or adrenal gland 4 malfunctioning aortic valve 5 kidney disease 6 obstructive sleep apnea ```

Question 52

bell of stethoscope is used for

Answer 52

low pitch, hrt murmurs,