Psychiatric Flashcards
Overdose (Improved)
Main symptoms/Withdrawal (sweating/opposite effect/extra)
Antidote/ Important
Opioids
CO
β-blocker
Benzodiazepines
Theophylline
Isoniazid
Ethylene glycol
Methanol
Digoxin
Organophosphates
Acetaminophen
Ca2+CB
Cyanide
Iron
Hg, As, gold
Warfarin
Heparin
Nitrites
Copper
Lead
Salicylates
Amphetamines
Antimuscarinic/ cholinergic
Methemoglobin
tPA, streptokinase urokinase (Clot busters)
Theophylline?
Alcohol
Barbiturates
Cocaine
Caffeine
PCP
LSD
Marijuana
Overdose (Improved)
Main symptoms. WithDrawal (sweating/opposite/extra)
Antidote
Opioids
CNS depression, constipation, Miosis. seizures (life-threatening).
Naloxone/ Naltrexone
CO
100% O2
β-blocker
Glucagon
Benzodiazepines
Less respiratory depression than Barbs
Flumazenil
Theophylline
Esmolol
Isoniazid
Pyridoxine
Ethylene glycol
Ethanol
Methanol
Ethanol (Fomepizole)
Digoxin
specific Ab, Lidocaine, and normalize K/Mg
Organophosphates
Atropine and pralidoxime
Acetaminophen
N-acetylcysteine
Ca2+CB
Calcium chloride and glucagon
Cyanide
Nitrites and thiosulfate
Iron
Gastric bleeding => metab. acidosis/GI obstruction. Microscopically peroxidation of membrane lipids.
Deferoxamine
Hg, As, gold
Dimercaprol
Warfarin
Vitamin K and Fresh plasma
Heparin
Protamine sulfate
Nitrites
Methylene blue
Copper
Penicillamine
Lead
EDTA, succimer
Salicylates
Alkalinize urine
Amphetamines
Mydriasis (My dry eyesis), hyper, psychotic. WD = stomach cramps
Acidify urine
Antimuscarinic/ cholinergic
Physostigmine salicylate
Methemoglobin
Methylene blue/ Vitamin C
tPA, streptokinase urokinase (Clot busters)
Aminocaproic acid?
Theophylline?
β-blocker
Alcohol
AST is 2X ALT, serum γ-Glutamyl-transferase (sensitive test)
WD; tactile delusion “spiders”/Delirium tremens
Disulfiram and benzos for DT
Barbiturates
Marked respiratory depression. WD = could CV collapse
Life-support
Cocaine
Mydriasis, hallucinations(tactile), psychosis, angina. WD =suicide
Benzodiazepine
Caffeine
Diuresis, muscle twitching, and restlessness
PCP
Belligerence(war-like), nystagmus(all fields), homicidal
LSD
Flashbacks, psychedelic, Mydriasis
Marijuana
paranoid delusions, slowed time, increased
In urine 1 month after use
What are the CNS stimulants? What is their mechanism of action? What are used for?
Methylphe**nidate, dextro**amphetamine**, mixed **amphetamine salts. Increases catecholamines (especially NE/dopamine). ADHD, Narcolepsy (Inhibits REM sleep), and appetite control.
What are the antipsychotics(Neuroleptics)? How do I remember these names?
What is the mechanism of action of Neuroleptics?
What are they used in?
What is Tardive dyskinesia?
What are the side effects?
What are the high potency Neuroleptics?
What are the symptoms of Neuroleptic malignant syndrome? What is the treatment for it?
What is unique for Chlorpromazine? Thioridazine?
Haloperidol**, trifluoper_azine, fluphenazine, thioridazine, chlorpromazine_** (become a”sane” (azine) and stop believing in Halo’s and the peril of God/Satan).
Blocks D2 receptors
Positive schizophrenia, psychosis, acute maina, and Tourette’s
Very slow removal (stored in fat), Extrapyramidal (Akinesis(1st usually)/Akathesia(can’t stop moving)), Hyperprolactinemia, anti-muscarinic, hypotension, and sedation.
Hot, ANS unstability, rigidity, and myoglobinuria. D2 agonists (bromocriptine) and Dantrolene(for hyperthermia)
Slow moving involuntary face movements, often irreversible.
C**orneal deposits. re**Tinal deposits
Tri**ed to _**Fl****u****H**_igh;**Tri__flu**operazine,**Fl**uphenazine,**Haloperidol.
What makes Atypical Neuroleptics different than typical Neuroleptics in MOA/SE/Treatment?
What are the suffixes of Atypical Neuroleptics? How do I remember this?
Which One increases prolactin and Tardive dyskinesia?
Which one is the last resort for preventing suicide? What also can it treat? What are the side effects? What must be done if it is given to a patient(memory)?
Which ones increase QT? Which one does it less and is anti-TD?
Which one also treats OCD, anxiety/depressive/manic/Tourette’s?
What does the above drug have a side effect of?
More than dopamine antagonists, fuck with EEGs (slow), treats negative symptoms better, and has fewer side effects.
-pine**, **-done**, and Ariprazole. It is **Atypical** for Sheela to **-pine** for me until I’m already **-done making it worse.
Risperidone
Clozapine**. Anti-tardive dyskinesia. de novo seizures, weight gain, reversible agranulocytosis in 6-18 weeks (must monitor), myocarditis. Must watch **Cloz**a**pine** **Clozely
Quetiapine(Anti-TD) and Ziprazadone
Olanzapine
Increases weight
What does Lithium inhibit? What does it treat? What are the side effects?
What does Buspirone do? What is it used in? What makes it unique as a psychiatric drug?
A Phosphoinositol cascade. Bipolar (stabilizer) and Syndrome of Inappropiate ADH. Dyskinesia, AV block (like lime), hypothyroidism, diabetes insipidus, and teratogenic.
Stimulates 5-HT1A receptor. Generalized anxiety disorder. NO interaction with alcohol.
What are the MOA inhibitors? Which one is MAO-B selective?
What is their mechanism of action?
What are they used in?
What are the side effects?
Tranylcypromine, Phenelzine, Isocarboxazid, Selegiline(MAO-B).
Inhibits MOA => more NE, serotonin, and dopamine.
Atypical depression, anxiety, and hypochondriasis.
Hypertensive crisis with Tyramine ingestion(wine/cheese), β-agonist, and increases risk of serotonin syndrome
What are the SNRIs? What do SNRIs do?
What are they used for?
What is the main side effect of SNRIs?
Venlafaxine and Duloxetine. Inhibit serotonin and NE reuptake.
Depression, Generalized anxiety disorder(Ven), Diabetic peripheral neuropathy(Dul)
Increased BP
What are the SSRIs?
What is their mechanism of action?
What are they used in?
What are their side effects? What are the symptoms of SSRIs major side effect?
What is the antidote for the major side effect of SSRIs (and others)?
-oxetine**, Flu_oxetine, Paroxetine_, **Sertraline**, **Citalopram
Serotonin-specific reuptake inhibitors
Depression, OCD, bulimia, social phobias, and PTSD
GI distress, anorgasms, Serotonin syndrome (hyperthermia, myoclonus, CV collapse, flushing, diarrhea, and seizures).
Cyproheptadine (5-HT2 antagonist)
What are the Tricyclic antidepressants?
What is their mechanism of action?
What are they used in?
What are their side effects?
-triptyline** or **-ipramine, Amitriptyline, Nortriptyline, Imipramine**, Des_ipramine, Clomipramine_, **Doxepin**, **Amoxapine
Blocks reuptake of NE and serotonin
Major depression, Fibromyalgia, Bedwetting (I’m a peeing my pants (Imipramine)), and OCD (Clomipramine).
Sedation, α-blocking, anticholinergic (Especially Amitriptyline) => convulsions, seizure (Desipramine lowest risk). Tri-C’s = Convulsions, Cornea, Cardiotoxic (arrhythmia)
What is the mechanism of action of Bupropion? What are the side effects? What is somewhat unique as an antidepressent?
What is the mechanism of action of Mirazapine? What are the side effects?
What is the mechanism of action of Maprotiline? What are the side effects?
What is the mechanism of action of Trazodone? What is it good for, at what levels? What are the side effects?
Increases NE/dopamine => stimulant, antidepressant. Headaches and Seizures in bulimic patients. No sexual side effects.
α2 antagonist(NE/serotonin) and potent 5-HT2-3. Sedation(Weird), increased appetite, and dry mouth
Blocks NE reuptake. Sedation and Orthostatic hypotension.
Inhibits serotonin reuptake => good for insomnia(low) and depression(high). Priapism (erection does not go back to flaccid, permanent TrazoBONEr) and postural hypotension
