Growth

Question 0

Growth Hormones

Answer 0

growth hormone and somatomedin
Thyroid hormone
testosterone and estrogen
INsulin
PTH
Cortisol

Question 1

stages of Age-Dependent Pattern of growth

Answer 1

Prenatal
Infancy
Juvenile growth - 85%height
Adolescent growth (pubertal) - final adult stature attained

Question 2

T3 and growth

Answer 2

T3 is absolutely essential for normal growth of CNS during perinatal period (228 week gestation to 1 week after birth)

Question 3

Growth Hormone & growth

Answer 3

Though necessary for total picture not super important for fetus growth.
IGF-1 (somatomedin) stimulates cell division in cartilage of the epiphyses, with its release stimulated by GH

Question 4

Thyroid hormone (T3&T4) - role

Answer 4

not connected to fetal growth
Important for perinatal growth of CNS (lack of T3/T4 =mental retardation)
Effect on bone growth through permissive interactions with growth hormone and GH receptors
Failure to grow in hypothyroid individual is the result of GH deficiency
Contributes to bone ossification

Question 5

Insulin & growth

Answer 5

Required for optimal growth
Regulates metabolism by promoting uptake of AA from blood (needed for muscle growth)
Stimulates Osteoblasts

Question 6

Gonad Hormones & Growth

Answer 6

Growth spurt triggered by pubertal increase on concentrations
Promote lengthening of bones and closure of epiphyseal plates
Growth of skeleton during puberty PRIMARILY Estrogen in XX & XY
Estrogen often problem for female bone development at menopause

Question 7

Glucocorticoids and Growth

Answer 7

Required for normal growth
Abnormally high concentrations of cortisol inhibit DNA synth and can inhibit normal growth
Cortisol - inhibit osteoblasts and osteoclasts
Exogenous admin of corticosteroids can lead to bone demineralization

Question 8

FTT

Answer 8

Failure to Thrive (pediatric)

Below average growth. Organic (biological) or non-organic (environmental) causes