Unit 7 Flashcards
An outlook on life, or worldview, or “lens” through which a person looks at world
ideology
Greek philosopher whose ideas heavily influenced traditional European ideas about the universe
Aristotle
Polish scientist who was the first to challenge traditional ideas about the universe; theorized a heliocentric universe
Copernicus
astronomical theory that says the sun is the center of the solar system
heliocentric
astronomical theory that says the Earth is the center of the universe
geocentric
book that outlined the Copernican hypothesis
On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres (1543)
Danish; built most sophisticated observatory of his time; gathered massive amounts of astronomical data
Tyco Brahe
postulated three laws of planetary motion, all of which proved the Copernican hypothesis
Johannes Kepler
perfected the experimental method; suggested the law of inertia; used the telescope to further prove the Copernican hypothesis
Galileo Galilei
explained the law of universal gravitation; synthesized ideas of Copernicus, Kepler, and Galileo; explained WHY bodies did as they did
Isaac Newton
Issac Newton’s masterpiece
Principia
philosophical movement that sought to use the methods of the Scientific Revolution to explain the social world
Enlightenment
Enlightened political theorist; said humans are born with a blank slate of a mind upon which experience acts
John Locke
most famous work by John Locke; emphasized importance of education and society in determining mental development
Essay Concerning Human Understanding
French intellectuals that spread enlightened ideas
philosophes
