Chp3: Vocabulary Review Flashcards

1
Q

lavishly

A

in an expensive manner, spending or owning much more than is necessary

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2
Q

feudal system

A

the economic and social system of medieval Europe. Lords received land from the ruler and serfs worked the land for the lord

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3
Q

illiterate

A

unable to read

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4
Q

privileged

A

having special rights and benefits not given to all people

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5
Q

philosophes

A

educated people who had theories about society and government

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6
Q

absolute monarchy

A

rule by a sovereign with unlimited power, one who is above the law

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7
Q

democracy

A

a government that answers to the wishes of the people

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8
Q

tithe

A

one tenth of one’s annual income or produce from land

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9
Q

bias

A

favoring one viewpoint without reason

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10
Q

artisan

A

a craftsperson

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11
Q

inflation

A

a situation in which the price of goods rises quickly

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12
Q

monopoly

A

the exclusive right to sell a product to a group of people

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13
Q

tariff

A

a tax

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14
Q

toll

A

a charge to use a road or bridge

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15
Q

infrastructure

A

the roads, canals, and other means of communication and travel within a country

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16
Q

to simulate

A

to recreate

17
Q

Calvinist

A

Protestants who followed the strict philosophy of John Calvin

18
Q

deficit

A

the money the government is short each year after it pays its bills

19
Q

scandal

A

something that draws public attention and criticism

20
Q

portfolio

A

the area of responsibility of a government official, for example defense or the budget

21
Q

catalyst

A

something that helps other things to change

22
Q

salon

A

a meeting of intellectuals to discuss exciting ideas

23
Q

reason

A

the ability to think critically and draw logical conclusions

24
Q

bigotry

A

prejudice

25
Q

censored

A

something one is forbidden to see, hear or read

26
Q

republican government

A

a government in which all power rests with the citizens who vote to elect their leader

27
Q

bloc

A

a group

28
Q

mercenary

A

a paid soldier

29
Q

cockade

A

an ornament worn on top of a hat

30
Q

chateau

A

the mansions and great estates of the rich

31
Q

constitution

A

a document that sets out the major laws and principles of a government

32
Q

emigres

A

people who leave one country for another

33
Q

radical

A

someone who wants major change quickly

34
Q

speculator

A

a person who deals in products and hopes to take advantage of sudden rise or fall in prices

35
Q

allegiance

A

a formal declaration of loyalty

36
Q

logo

A

a graphic symbol often used in advertising

37
Q

scaffold

A

the raised platform for the guillotine or gallows