2nd lq - muscles of the back

Question 1

Superficial group :

Answer 1

1. Trapezius
2. latissimus dorsi
3. levator scapulae
4. rhomboid major
5. rhomboid minor

Question 2

Intermediate group :

Answer 2

1. serratus posterior superior
2. serratus posterior inferior

Question 3

is a complex of large and small muscles concerned with
movement of the vertebral column, ribs, and skull.

responsible for the maintenance of the normal curves
of the vertebral column.

Answer 3

DEEP GROUP

Question 4

Movements on deep back muscles:

Answer 4

• extension of the vertebral
  column and skull
• abduction and/or rotation
  of the vertebrae and skull

Question 5

BACK MUSCLE NERVE SUPPLY:

Answer 5

ANTERIOR RAMI OF SPINAL NERVES
POSTERIOR RAMI OF SPINAL NERVES

TRAPEZIUS MUSCLE - Spinal Accessory Nerve (Cranial Nerve XI)

Question 6

muscle nerve supply for Superficial and intermediate groups
of back muscles

Answer 6

ANTERIOR RAMI OF SPINAL NERVES

Question 7

nerve supply for Deep group muscles of the back

Answer 7

POSTERIOR RAMI OF SPINAL NERVES

Question 8

nerve supply for TRAPEZIUS MUSCLE

Answer 8

Spinal Accessory Nerve (Cranial Nerve XI)

Question 9

MUSCULAR TRIANGLE

The margins of certain intersecting muscles and bones form three distinctive triangular spaces in the back.

Answer 9

1. Auscultatory Triangle
2. Lumbar Triangle
3. Suboccipital Triangle

Question 10

AUSCULTATORY TRIANGLE

Answer 10

1. Latissimus Dorsi
2. Trapezius
3. Rhomboid Major

Question 11

LUMBAR TRIANGLE:

Answer 11

1. Latissimus Dorsi
2. Posterior border of the external oblique muscle of the abdomen
3. Iliac Crest

Question 12

SUBOCCIPITAL TRIANGLE:

Answer 12

1. Obliquus capitis superior
2. Rectus capitis posterior major
3. Obliquus capitis inferior

RECTUS CAPITIS POSTERIOR MINOR – not part of the triangle

Question 13

OTHER RELATED STRUCTURES:

Answer 13

DEEP FASCIA (THORACOLUMBAR FASCIA)

Question 14

thoracolumbar fascia:

Answer 14

anterior lamella
middle lamella
posterior lamella

Question 15

BACK BLOOD SUPPLY

in CERVICAL

Answer 15

Occipital Artery
Vertebral Artery
Deep Cervical Artery

Question 16

BACK BLOOD SUPPLY

in THORACIC

Answer 16

Posterior Intercostal Artery

Question 17

BACK BLOOD SUPPLY

in LUMBAR

Answer 17

Subcostal and Lumbar Arteries

Question 18

BACK BLOOD SUPPLY

in SACRAL

Answer 18

Iliolumbar Artery
Lateral Sacral Artery

Question 19

Longest and runs vertically from the sacrum to the rib angles, the transverse processes, and the
upper vertebral spines.

Answer 19

Superficial Vertical Running Muscles - deep group

Question 20

• It is not muscle, it’s a fibrous sheet or structure that is also connected to the muscle as part of the support. It connects somehow to bones or
  other structures/ other ligaments.
• It is the connective tissue that encloses the body deep to the skin and also envelops and
  separates individual muscles and groups of muscles as well as deeper organs.

Answer 20

Fascia

Question 21

It is a dense, organized connective tissue layer, devoid of fat, that covers most of the body parallel to (deep to ) the skin and subcutaneous
tissue.

• It is a membranous layer of connective tissue that invests the muscle and other deep structures.

Answer 21

Deep fascia

Question 22

situated in the interval between iliac crest and the 12th rib (L2). It is an extensive fascial
complex attached to the vertebral column medially in the lumbar region.

Answer 22

Thoracolumbar fascia

Question 23

Cervical Region-branches arise from the:

Answer 23

o Occipital artery- branch of the external carotid artery

o Vertebral artery- branch of the
subclavian artery

o Deep cervical artery-branch of the
costocervical trunk.

Question 24

• Smaller, It forms the posterior part of developing vertebral column
• Innervates posterior rami of spinal nerve

Answer 24

Epimere

Question 25

• Larger, it forms the lateral and Anterior part of vertebral column.
• Innervates Anterior rami of spinal nerve

Answer 25

Hypomere

Question 26

is a clinical procedure designed to insert a needle into the subarachnoid space in the low
lumbar region.

Answer 26

Lumbar Puncture (Spinal Tap)

Question 27

LAYERS

Answer 27

1. Skin
2. superficial fascia
3. supraspinous ligament
4. interspinous ligament
5. ligamentum flavum
6. areolar tissue (containing
   the internal vertebral
   venous plexus in the
   epidural space)
7. dura mater
8. arachnoid mater