3 Flashcards
(12 cards)
What is stranger anxiety and when does it begin?
Stranger anxiety begins at 6 months and peaks at 10-14 months.
Example: Wailing when meeting a stranger.
What factors influence stranger anxiety?
It depends on the baby’s temperament, mother-infant relationship, and the stranger’s behavior toward the baby.
When does separation anxiety begin and peak?
Separation anxiety begins at 8 months and peaks at 14 months.
What is social referencing and when does it begin?
Social referencing begins at 9-12 months.
Example: An infant won’t play with a toy robot if mothers show disgust compared to pleasure.
What did Harlow’s monkeys demonstrate?
They preferred a softer surrogate when fearful over a wired, milk-producing one.
How is attachment shown in infants?
Attachment is shown through the infant trying to stay close, tested with the ‘strange situation’ around 12-18 months.
What are the four main attachment types?
- Secure
- Insecure resistant
- Insecure avoidant
- Insecure disoriented
Describe secure attachment.
Infant attempts to be close, leaves lap to play but looks back, vocalizes or returns for a hug, distressed when mum leaves but not traumatized, easily calmed when mum returns.
Describe insecure resistant attachment.
Won’t leave mother even when she’s in the room, cries loudly when she leaves, isn’t comforted when she returns (sobs angrily even when in arms).
Describe insecure avoidant attachment.
Little interaction with mother, no distress when she leaves, no attempt to re-establish contact when she returns.
Describe insecure disoriented attachment.
Inconsistent behavior, for example, avoiding after seeking closeness.
What was observed in the re-assessment of attachment types? (like, later)
48 out of 50 babies were consistent in their attachment when re-assessed from 12 months to 18 months.
