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OB GYNE 4 > 3 Maternal Testing Part 2 > Flashcards

3 Maternal Testing Part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What does CVS stand for?

A

Chorionic villi sampling (CVS)

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2
Q

What are 2 exams performed for CVS

A

Transcervical

Transabdominal

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3
Q

Transcervical CVS is performed between __ and __ weeks

A

11 and 12.5 weeks

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4
Q

Catheter is inserted through cervix to the?

A

chorion frondosum

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5
Q

With ______________from syringe moving catheter back and forth will capture the chorionic villi cells.

A

negative pressure

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6
Q

With the transabdominal approach a needle passes through the ________to the chorion frondosum

A

abdomen

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7
Q

Performed when placenta cannot be accessed by Transcervical and can be done beyond

A

12.5 weeks

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8
Q

Method of transcervical or transabdominal depends on there the _____ lies

A

placenta (chorion frondosum)

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9
Q

More DNA is obtained from a ___ than a _____

A

CVS; amniocentesis

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10
Q

Which has Faster/earlier results a CVS or amniocentesis

A

CVS

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11
Q

CVS has 1/200 risk for

A

spontaneous abortion

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12
Q

CVS cannot detect NTD, but _____ & ____

A

Chromosomal abnormalities and DNA

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13
Q

CVS can cause(2)

A

PROM

infection

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14
Q

If CVS is positive patient sent for

A

genetic counselling

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15
Q

Amniocentesis uses the transabdominal approach (needle through moms abdomen) to look at ?

A

Amniotic fluid from amniotic sac

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16
Q

Amniocentesis detects (3)

A

chromosomal abnormalities
NTD
and some genetic disorders

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17
Q

Amniocentesis completed for 3 reasons

A

genetic testing
fetal lung testing
for treatment of ployhydramnios

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18
Q

The risks of Amniocentesis include (4)

A

Bleeding
PROM
Preterm labour
Club feet

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19
Q

When is optimal time to perform Amniocentesis?

A

16 weeks and onwards

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20
Q

What does the Radiologist need to know from us before performing an Amniocentesis (4)

A

of fetuses
position of fetuses
Placental location
Gestational age - BPD, HC, AC, FL

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21
Q

The _____ with ____ is taken before and after the procedure.

A

Heart rate; m mode

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22
Q

A limited anatomical survey is done before the Amniocentesis which includes

A

choroids, fetal heart, stomach, bladder, kidneys, spine, limbs

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23
Q

Amniocentesis is a sterile technique using (6)

A 
Needle (16,18,20 gage)
syringe
cleaning solution poured into vials (betadine brown) (alcohol pink)
Bx guide (biopsy guide for needle) 
sterile gel 
probe cover (all the way up the cord)
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24
Q

What is considered not sterile (2)

A

Sonographer and the machine

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25
What artifacts can be seen with Amniocentesis that can distort the needle position
Refraction and reverberation
26
How many CC's of amniotic fluid is aspirated into each syringe?
10 CC's
27
The amniotic fluid is then emptied into 2______ vials
non sterile
28
What are the difference types of Amniocentesis (4)
Cytogenetic Amniocentesis O.DD (optical density Determination) L/S Amniocentesis Therapeutic
29
Cytogenetic Amniocentesis is when _______ from the amniotic fluid is cultured for analysis.
fetal skin cells. DNA and biochemistry (AFP) is looked at
30
When can a Cytogenetic Amniocentesis be performed?
11 weeks to term
31
Abnormalitites at ___ weeks will require a amnio for fetal chromosomes
18 week (detailed scan)
32
Cytogenetic Amniocentesis is routinely done in these cases (3)
Late maternal age Hx of congenital abnormality previous pregnancy or direct relative
33
Twin Amniocentesis uses dye to differentiate the 2 gestational sacs called.
INDIGO CARMINE* (TWIN A)
34
If the doctor draws purple dye then they have pulled ?
Twin A Non purple (Twin B)
35
INDIGO CARMINE affects which blood levels in the amniotic fluid?
bilirubin levels
36
O.DD (optical density Determination) measures _____ levels in ________ pregnancies
bilirubin | RH sensitized
37
ODD is usually done in What trimesters?
Late 2nd and 3rd
38
ODD is placed in a brown bottle because?
It is photosensitive
39
What test looks at lung maturity?
L/S ratio
40
What are the 2 surfactants of the lungs
Lecithin and Sphingomyelin
41
What are surfactants responsible for?
Decrease in surface tension in the alveoli of the lungs
42
Lecithin and Sphingomyelin are fairly equal in the amniotic fluid up to
33 weeks gestation
43
After 33 weeks ______ increases significantly where ________ remains constant
Lecithin;Sphingomyelin
44
If the L/S ratio is greater than 2:1 this means?
The lungs are considered mature
45
L/S test is done in the ____trimester
3rd
46
L/S is done when ?
Early delivery is elected by doctor or repeat c -Section
47
Early birth can be caused by
``` Gestational diabetes High blood pressure PROM Placental insufficiency RH disease ```
48
What test is done for polyhydramnios?
Therapeutic amniocentesis
49
What does Therapeutic amniocentesis help with?
Pressure of the large uterus pressing on abdominal contents causing SOB
50
Other reasons for Therapeutic amniocentesis
Can occur from Twin to twin transfusion and hydrops | Fluid will reaccumulate within days
51
What does PUBS stand for?
Percutaneous umbilical blood sampling
52
What is another name for PUBS?
CORDOCENTESIS*
53
With the PUBS procedure a needle is put into the umbilical cord __to__cm from placenta insertion
2 to 3
54
What is usually sampled the umbilical vein or the artery?
Vein
55
The umbilical vein can be sampled in the?(3)
Liver Heart Or free floating
56
PUBS is usually used after ___weeks to for genetic disorders and blood conditions
18
57
Indications for PUBS
``` Chromosomal analysis within 72 hours Fetal blood gas sampling in IUGR fetuses Fetal infections FETAL ANEMIA IN RH SENSITIZATION FETAL BLOOD TRANSFUSION VIA PUBS Treat fetal arrhythmia with medications via PUBS ```
58
Risk of PUBS | becoming more rare
Bleeding from puncture site Infection rupture of membranes
59
What does FISH stand for?
Flouresence in Situ Hybridization
60
What is FISH used for?
looks for how many copies are present for a specific chromosome.
61
Which chromosomes does FISH look for
Trisomy, 13, 18, 21 x and y
62
Which has less steps FISH or cytogenetic karotyping?
FISH
63
FISH can be performed on which 3 things?
fetal blood amniotic fluid CVS
64
is the results of FISH fast or slow?
FAST
65
When there is a hole in the diaphragm (abdo contents moving into chest cavity pressing on the developing lungs) what is used to fix this?
Diaphragmatic hernia treatment

OB GYNE 4 (11 decks)

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