3. Pectoral Girdle

Question 1

Function of pectoral girdle

Answer 1

Increase mobility of upper arm in all range of movements

Question 2

Function of clavicle

Answer 2

Stabilise shoulder
Acts as a strut, holding glenohumeral joint in parasagittal plane
Increases range of movement in shoulder joint
Transmit supportive stress of upper limb to axial skeleton
Protect subclavian vessels and auxillary neurovascular bundle

Question 3

What attaches to the costal tuberosity of the clavicle?

Answer 3

Costoclavicular ligament

Question 4

What attaches to the anterior, inferior and middle aspect of the clavicle?

Answer 4

Pectoralis major

Question 5

What attaches to the inferior, posterior and medial aspect of the clavicle?

Answer 5

Sternohyoid

Question 6

Action of Pectoralis major

Answer 6

Adduction, medial rotation and flexion of arm

Question 7

Action of sternohyoid

Answer 7

Depresses hyoid

Question 8

What attaches to the conoid tubercle of clavicle?

Answer 8

Conoid ligament

Question 9

What attaches to the subclavian groove of the clavicle?

Answer 9

Subclavius

Question 10

Action of subclavius

Answer 10

Depression of clavicle

Question 11

What attaches to the superior, lateral and posterior aspect of clavicle?

Answer 11

Trapezius

Question 12

Action of trapezius

Answer 12

Elevation, adduction, depression and rotation of scapula

Question 13

Action of SCM

Answer 13

Head rotation and flexion

Question 14

What attaches to the superior, lateral and anterior aspect of the clavicle?

Answer 14

Deltoid

Question 15

Action of deltoid

Answer 15

Flexion, extension, rotation, abduction of arm

Question 16

Properties of hyoid bone

Answer 16

Only bone not directly articulating with any other
Sits roughly anterior to C4-5 junction
Attachment for tongue musculature
Can be fractured during strangulation
2 pairs of horns - lesser and greater hornu

Question 17

What attaches to the anterior inferior body of the hyoid?

Answer 17

Digastricus
Stylohyoid
Mylohyoid

Question 18

Action of stylohyoid

Answer 18

Elevate tongue

Question 19

Action of mylohyoid

Answer 19

Raises floor of mouth and tongue

Question 20

What attaches to the lateral acromion and lower border of spine of scapula?

Answer 20

Deltoid

Question 21

What attaches to the acromion of the scapula?

Answer 21

Trapezius

Question 22

What attaches to the supraglenoid tubercle and coracoid process of the scapula?

Answer 22

Biceps brachii

Question 23

Action of biceps brachii

Answer 23

Supination and flexion of forearm

Question 24

What attaches to the infraglenoid tubercle?

Answer 24

Long head of triceps brachii

Question 25

Action of triceps brachii

Answer 25

Extension of forearm

Question 26

What attaches to the coracoid process of scapula?

Answer 26

Pectoralis minor

Question 27

Action of pec major on scapula

Answer 27

Draws scapula forward and down

Question 28

What attaches to the subscapular fossa of the scapula?

Answer 28

Subscapularis

Question 29

Action of subscapularis

Answer 29

Medial rotation of arm | Shoulder stabilisation

Question 30

What attaches to the supraspinous fossa of the scapula?

Answer 30

Supraspinatus

Question 31

Action of supraspinatus

Answer 31

Adduction of arm

Question 32

What attaches to the infraspinous fossa of the scapula?

Answer 32

Infraspinatus

Question 33

Action of infraspinatus

Answer 33

lateral rotation and abduction of arm

Question 34

What attaches to the lateral border of the scapula on the dorsal surface?

Answer 34

Teres minor | Teres major

Question 35

Action of teres minor

Answer 35

Lateral rotation, adduction of arm | Stabilisation

Question 36

Action of teres major

Answer 36

Medial rotation, adduction and extension of arm

Question 37

What attaches to the anterior medial border of the scapula?

Answer 37

Serratus anterior

Question 38

Action of serratus anterior?

Answer 38

Rotates/protracts scapula for arm flexion and abduction

Question 39

What attaches to the posterior medial border of the scapula?

Answer 39

Levator scapulae Rhomboid minor Rhomboid major

Question 40

Action of levator scapulae

Answer 40

Elevation and rotation of scapula

Question 41

Action of rhomboid minor

Answer 41

Retraction, elevation and stabilisation of scapula

Question 42

Action of rhomboid major

Answer 42

Retraction, elevation and stabilisation of scapula

Question 43

What attaches to the superior, medial and posterior aspect of clavicle?

Answer 43

Sternocleidomastoid

Question 44

What are the non-metric traits of the clavicle?

Answer 44

Costal tuberosity Position of nutrient foramen Shape of Acromion

Question 45

What are the non-metric traits of the scapula?

Answer 45

Ossification of the supra-scapular ligament forming the supra-scapular foramen/notch Groove on postero-lateral border = circumflex sulcus Unfused acromial epiphysis

Question 46

What age would they be if there was a shaft but no epiphyses of the clavicle?

Answer 46

7 weeks prenatal - 20 years

Question 47

What age would they be if the shaft and medial epiphysis was not fused?

Answer 47

13 years - 30 years

Question 48

What age would they be if the lateral end was fused?

Answer 48

18 years - 30 years

Question 49

Where does short head of Biceps brachii attach?

Answer 49

Coracoid process of scapula

Question 50

Where does long head of biceps brachii attach?

Answer 50

Supraglenoid tubercle

Question 51

Where does long head of tricpes brachii attach?

Answer 51

Infraglenoid tubercle

Question 52

Where does latissimus dorsi attach?

Answer 52

Medial border, inferior angle