3 Year 3 Stroke Flashcards
(32 cards)
What is a mini stroke?
Stroke or transient ischaemic attach that is less that 24 hours with full recovery.
How common?
3rd most common cause of death
What % of people die after a stroke?
25%
What is the core zone?
Severe ischamia blood flow below 10-25%
Ischamic penumbra?
Ischamic but still viable cerebral tissue.
What is the body’s own clot buster?
Plasmin
Modern clot busters are?
recombinant tissue plasminogen activators.
How is alteplase given?
IV on specialist stroke units
When is modifying coagulation more successful?
Venous thrombosis
When is modifying platelet aggregation more successful?
Arterial thrombosis
Define prophylaxis?
Treatment given or action taken to prevent disease.
What does preventing GPIIa/IIb receptor expression prevent?
Inhibits platelet aggregation and thrombus formation
How does Aspirin work?
Prevents thromboxane formation
When is Aspirin given?
first 24 hours (300mg). For 2 weeks
How does Dipyridamole work?
Prevents thromboxane formation.
What two are usually used together?
Dipyridamole and Aspirin
How does Clopidogrel work?
Antagonizes actions of ADP at purinergic receptors
How does Abciximab work?
Prevents GPIIa/IIIb receptor interaction. Prevents linking of platelets
When does the clotting cascade begin?
When blood contacts damaged tissue or exposed collagen.
What factors initiate clotting cascade?
VIII or XII
How does heparin work?
activates body’s own anti-clotting molecules antithrombin III
How does Warfarin work?
Acts on liver to inhibit the enzyme vit K reductase. Similar structure to Vit K.
What does vit K reductase do?
The enzyme uses Vit K to final assemble clotting factors II,VII, IX and X.
How quickly does Warfarin work?
Takes days to act or be reversed
