motor reflex fx

Question 1

clonus

Answer 1

is a series of involuntary, rhythmic, muscular contractions and relaxations

Question 2

Hoffman’s sign

Answer 2

lightly tapping on nerve to produce pins and needles over distribution of nerve

tests peripheral nerve damage

Question 3

myotactic reflex

Answer 3

is a muscle contraction in response to stretching within the muscle

When a muscle spindle is stretched an impulse is immediately sent to the spinal cord and a response to contract the muscle is received. Since the impulse only has to go to the spinal cord and back, not all the way to the brain, it is a very quick impulse

Question 4

hemiparesis

Answer 4

weakness of entire side of body

Question 5

hemiplegia

Answer 5

paralysis of one side of body

Question 6

bradykinesia

Answer 6

slow movement of body

Question 7

paraparesis

Answer 7

weakness of voluntary movement, or partial loss of voluntary movement or by impaired movement in both legs

Question 8

paraplegia

Answer 8

impairment of motor or sensory of lower limbs

Question 9

chorea prominent in

Answer 9

huntingtons

also drugs, C Jacobs, kuru, wilsons

Question 10

athetosis

Answer 10

a symptom characterized by slow, involuntary, convoluted, writhing movements of the fingers, hands, toes, and feet and in some cases, arms, legs, neck and tongue

Question 11

dystonia

Answer 11

is a neurological movement disorder, in which sustained muscle contractions cause twisting and repetitive movements or abnormal postures.[1] The movements may resemble a tremor. Dystonia is often initiated or worsened by voluntary movements

Question 12

hemiballism

Answer 12

rare movement disorder that presents with unilateral flinging movements of the limbs

Question 13

internal capsule

Answer 13

primary locus through which the upper motor neuron (corticospinal and corticobulbar) pathways descend.

Question 14

with damage to descending motor pathways..

Answer 14

deep tendon reflexes increase

superficial reflexes decrease

Question 15

superficial reflexes include (4)

Answer 15

abdominal
cremaster
plantar
anal wink

Question 16

reflexes with lesions in cerebellum and basal ganglia

Answer 16

no change

may be sluggish

Question 17

to grade a reflex as 4 you must try

Answer 17

reinforcement

Question 18

reflex w/ lesion at muscle

Answer 18

no change unless end stage

Question 19

reflex w/ lesion at NMJ

Answer 19

normal–>decreased

Question 20

reflex w/ lesion at peripheral nerve

Answer 20

decreased

Question 21

reflex w/ lesion at root

Answer 21

decreased

Question 22

reflex w/ lesion at spinal cord & brain

Answer 22

usually increased unless the gray matter (anterior horn cells, lower motor neurons) is damaged right at reflex level

Question 23

where do upper motor neurons (corticobulbar & corticospinal) decussate

Answer 23

cervicomedullary junction

Question 24

where do UMN descend spinal cord

Answer 24

lateral funiculus

Question 25

proximal fx (vs distal fx) have

Answer 25

bilateral control

Question 26

damage to sensory nerve fibers and reflexes

Answer 26

decrease reflexes by damaging afferent limb

Question 27

muscle disease location

Answer 27

mostly proximal

Question 28

muscle disease reflexes affected

Answer 28

only late

Question 29

basal ganglia affects

Answer 29

muscle tone, postures, patterned movement