WE3 Flashcards
The ___________ is located in the cochlea of the inner ear.
organ of corti
Axons arising from the ____________ nuclei project to the cerebellar cortex by passing through the right middle cerebellar peduncle.
left pontine
The _______________ region of the cerebellum modulates motor movements of the trunk.
midline
The __________ incisors are typically innervated by the anterior superior alveolar nerves.
upper
The ____________ typically drains into the sphenoethmoidal recess of the nasal cavity.
sphenoid sinus
The ___________ nerve innervates all the muscles of the palate except for the tensor palatini.
vagus
The utricle is the most important end organ for our sense of ____________ acceleration.
linear horizontal
The optic nerve contains the axons of the ganglion cells of the __________.
retina
The ___________ muscle attaches in part to the stapes (ossicle) and is innervated by a branch of the facial nerve.
stapedius
The thyrohyoid (geniohyoid) muscle functions to _______ the hyoid and larynx and is innervated by a branch of ventral ramus C1.
elevate
The vagus nerve innervates all the muscles of the ________ except for the tensor palatini.
palate
Axons arising from the lateral geniculate nucleus project to the __________________ of the occipital lobe.
primary visual cortex
The ___________ muscle is a derivative of the second pharyngeal arch.
stapedius
The thyroid gland initially develops as a diverticulum at foramen cecum a _________ structure.
tongue
The __________ and __________ communicate through the auditory tube.
nasal pharynx middle ear
The gag reflex tests the ________ function of the glossopharyngeal nerve and the ________ function of the vagus nerve.
sensory motor
The stylopharyngeus muscle enters the pharynx by passing between the _______ and ________ constrictor muscles.
superior middle
The ___________ veins interconnect the venous drainage of the face and orbit with the cavernous sinus.
ophthalmic
The pupillary reflex tests the parasympathetic motor function of the _______ cranial nerve.
IIIrd
The VA/VL nuclei of the thalamus are the specific relay nuclei for the motor system involving the __________ and _____________.
cerebellum basal ganglia
The maxilla forms from fusion of the ___________________ and distal zones of the paired maxillary processes.
bilateral medial nasal processes
__________ sensations from the mucosa covering the tip of the tongue are conveyed to the central nervous system over the axons of the lingual nerve.
fine touch
The ______________ are derived from the first (mandibular) pharyngeal (branchial) arch.
muscles of mastication
The first ______________ positioned adjacent to the 2nd pharyngeal cleft contributes to the formation of the external ear.
pharyngeal cleft
The auriculotemporal nerve a sensory branch of the mandibular nerve passes ________ to the lateral pterygoid muscle and ________ to the neck of the mandible.
medial posterior
The posterior cricoarytenoid muscle is the only _____________ (movement) of the vocal folds.
abductor
somatosensory system.
VPM
The laryngeal mucosa is inferior to the vocal folds is innervated by the __________________.
laryngeal nerve
The upper molars and their associated buccal mucosa are innervated by the ______ nerves.
PSA
The _________ is derived from the first second third and fourth pharyngeal arches and myoblasts from the occipital somites.
tongue
The _____________ muscle is the only abductor (movement) of the vocal folds.
posterior cricoarytenoid
The output of the globus pallidus controls motor movements by inhibition of the motor nuclei (VA/VL) of the ___________.
thalamus
The neurohypophysis (posterior pituitary) is the region of the pituitary gland that contains the axon terminals of neurons in the hypothalamus that secrete _____________ or _____________ into the bloodstream.
oxytocin vasopressin
The ____________ reflex tests the sensory function of the glossopharyngeal nerve and the motor function of the vagus nerve.
gag
The ___________ dural venous sinus is positioned along the attached margin of the tentorium cerebelli.
transverse
The posterior fibers of the temporalis muscle function in _______ of the mandible.
retrusion
The stapedius muscle is a derivative of the _________ pharyngeal arch.
second
The frontal lacrimal and trochlear nerves all traverse the ____________ superior to the annular (common tendinous) ring.
superior orbital fissure
The occipital nodes typically receive the direct lymphatic drainage of the skin overlying the ___________ of the trapezius muscle.
superior attatchment
The organ of corti is located in the ____________ of the inner ear.
cochlea
The nerve of the pterygoid canal enters the _______________ fossa by traversing the pterygoid canal.
pterygopalatine fossa
As it emerges from the ___________ the oculomotor nerve typically passes between the posterior cerebral and superior cerebellar arteries.
interpenduncular fossa
The superior and inferior colliculi are located in the tectum the __________ aspect of the midbrain.
dorsal
The malleus and incus (ossicles) are both derivatives of the ________________.
pharyngeal arch
The cell bodies of the postganglionic parasympathetic neurons innervating the parotid gland are located in the _______ ganglion.
otic
The temporalis masseter and medial pterygoid muscles all function to _____________ (movement) the mandible.
elevate
The __________ and ___________ nerves innervate the mucosa of the hard palate.
greater palatine nasopalatine
The crista ampullaris is a receptor structure located in the semicircular canals of the __________ portion of the temporal bone.
petrous
The inferior alveolar artery is typically a direct branch of the _________ artery.
maxillary
The ______________ and thymus are derivatives of the 3rd pharyngeal pouch.
parathyroid glands
The transverse _______________ is positioned along the attached margin of the tentorium cerebelli.
dural venous sinus
The zygomatic arch and the ____________ form the lateral boundary of the infratemporal fossa.
ramus of the mandible
The temporalis masseter and medial pterygoid muscles all function to elevate (movement) the ____________.
mandible
The majority of the commissural axons passing from one cerebral hemisphere to the contralateral cerebral hemisphere pass through the _______________.
corpus callosum
The primary motor cortex is located in the __________ gyrus of the frontal lobe.
precentral
Pharyngeal ____________ are covered by ectoderm and positioned between adjacent pharyngeal arches.
clefts
The gag reflex tests the sensory function of the __________ nerve and the motor function of the _________ nerve.
glossopharyngeal vagus
The _______________ is located in the temporal lobe.
primary auditory cortex
The frontal lacrimal and trochlear nerves all traverse the superior orbital fissure superior to the ______________.
annular (common tendinous) ring
The majority of the commissural axons passing from one cerebral hemisphere to the __________ cerebral hemisphere pass through the corpus callosum.
contralateral
The posterior fibers of the temporalis muscle function in retrusion of the _________.
mandible
The __________ nodes typically receive the direct lymphatic drainage of the skin overlying the superior attachment of the trapezius muscle.
occipital
The parathyroid glands and _____________ are derivatives of the 3rd pharyngeal pouch.
thymus
As it emerges from the interpeduncular fossa the __________ nerve typically passes between the posterior cerebral and superior cerebellar arteries.
oculomotor
The primary afferent neuron (cell body) for ___________ sensation is located in the spiral ganglion.
auditory
The pupillary reflex tests the _______________ function of the IIIrd cranial nerve.
parasympathetic motor
The upper compartment of the TMJ is classified (synovial) as a ______________ joint where as the lower compartment is a hinge joint.
gliding (plane)
The _________ lacrimal and trochlear nerves all traverse the superior orbital fissure superior to the annular (common tendinous) ring.
frontal
The _________ of the globus pallidus controls motor movements by inhibition of the motor nuclei (VA/VL) of the thalamus.
output
The posterior division of the retromandibular and the posterior auricular vein are the two primary tributaries of the ________________ vein.
external jugular
The reticular activating system is located in the _____________ a major brain subdivision.
brainstem
The _______________ is positioned between the medial pterygoid and the superior constrictor.
parapharyngeal space
The hypoglossal nerve emerges from the medulla between the _______ and the _______.
pyramid olive
Coordination of emotional responses is the function of the ___________ circuit involving the amygdala whereas memory consolidation involves the hippocampus.
limbic
The branches of the middle meningeal artery are typically positioned _______ to the pterion.
medial
The first pharyngeal cleft positioned adjacent to the 2nd pharyngeal cleft contributes to the formation of the ____________.
external ear
The posterior division of the ____________ and the posterior auricular vein are the two primary tributaries of the external jugular vein.
retromandibular
The medial geniculate nucleus is the thalamus relay nucleus for the ____________ system.
auditory
The tongue is derived from the _________ __________ __________ and __________ pharyngeal arches and myoblasts from the occipital somites.
first second third fourth
The inferior alveolar nerve provides ________ innervation to the molars of the lower jaw.
sensory
The cell bodies of the second order neurons of the __________ pathway for the head are located in the spinal trigeminal nucleus.
pain and temperature
The cell bodies of the second order neurons of the pain and temperature pathway for the head are located in the _________ nucleus.
trigeminal
The superior oblique muscle of the eye receives its _________ innervation from branches of the ophthalmic nerve.
sensory
The vagus nerve innervates all the muscles of the palate except for the _____________.
tensor palatini
The ___________________ is the region of the pituitary gland that contains the axon terminals of neurons in the hypothalamus that secrete oxytocin or vasopressin into the bloodstream.
neurohypophysis (posterior pituitary)
The longus colli muscle extends from ___________ to _________ and functions in flexion of the neck.
vertebral body vertebral body
The anterior inferior aspect of the nasal septum typically receives its blood supply from branches of the sphenopalatine greater palatine anterior ethmoidal and _________ arteries.
facial
The cell bodies of the postganglionic parasympathetic neurons innervating the ________ gland are located in the otic ganglion.
parotid
The output of the globus pallidus controls motor movements by ___________ of the motor nuclei (VA/VL) of the thalamus.
inhibition
The primary afferent neuron (cell body) for auditory sensation is located in the ______________.
spiral ganglion
The anterior inferior aspect of the nasal septum typically receives its blood supply from branches of the sphenopalatine ______________ anterior ethmoidal and facial arteries.
greater palatine
The _________________ is located in the brainstem a major brain subdivision.
reticular activating system
The nasal pharynx and middle ear communicate through the __________.
auditory tube
The lingual nerve innervates the mucosa overlying the ___________ of the oral cavity.
floor
The _________ and the ramus of the mandible form the lateral boundary of the infratemporal fossa.
zygomatic arch
Axons projecting from the deep cerebellar nuclei to the thalamus pass through the _________ cerebellar peduncle.
superior
The __________ forms from fusion of the bilateral medial nasal processes and distal zones of the paired maxillary processes.
maxilla
The cell bodies of the ________ neurons of the pain and temperature pathway for the head are located in the spinal trigeminal nucleus.
second order
The occipital nodes typically receive the direct lymphatic drainage of the skin overlying the superior attachment of the _________ muscle.
trapezius
The neurohypophysis (posterior pituitary) is the region of the pituitary gland that contains the axon terminals of neurons in the _____________ that secrete oxytocin or vasopressin into the bloodstream.
hypothalamus
The hypothalamus a brain structure involved in the regulation of body weight sleep and sexual behavior is a subdivision of the _________________ (region of the brain).
diencephalon
The _____________ of the scalp and the superior sagittal sinus are interconnected through a series of emissary veins.
venous drainage
Superficial cerebral veins are located in the CSF filled _________________.
subarachnoid space
The _____________ a cerebral structure involved in the coordination of emotional responses is located in the anterior-medial aspect of the temporal lobe.
amygdala
The __________ and putamen are positioned directly lateral to the internal capsule.
globus pallidus
Axons projecting from the inferior olive to the cerebellar cortex pass through the _____________ cerebellar peduncle.
inferior
The midline region of the cerebellum modulates ________ movements of the trunk.
motor
The facial nerve is closely associated with the posterior wall of the _____________.
middle ear
The globus pallidus and putamen are positioned directly _________ to the internal capsule.
lateral
Axons projecting to and from the hippocampus a structure critical to the formation of _____________ traverse the fornix.
new memories
The majority of the _____________ axons passing from one cerebral hemisphere to the contralateral cerebral hemisphere pass through the corpus callosum.
commissural
The ___________ reflex tests the sensory function of the Vth cranial nerve and the motor function of the VIIth cranial nerve.
corneal (blink)
Axons projecting from the ___________ to the thalamus pass through the superior cerebellar peduncle.
deep cerebellar nuclei
The superior and inferior colliculi are located in the tectum the dorsal aspect of the ______________.
midbrain
The posterior division of the retromandibular and the ____________ vein are the two primary tributaries of the external jugular vein.
posterior auricular
The posterior fibers of the __________ muscle function in retrusion of the mandible.
temporalis
As it emerges from the interpeduncular fossa the oculomotor nerve typically passes between the ___________ and _____________ arteries.
posterior cerebral superior cerebral
The __________ is the parasympathetic root of the pterygopalatine ganglion.
greater petrosal nerve
The lingual nerve innervates the mucosa overlying the floor of the _________.
oral cavity
The ____________ nerve traverses the cavernous sinus adjacent to the _________ artery.
abducens internal carotid artery