3.1 Introduction to organic chemistry Flashcards
(38 cards)
1
Q
Alkanes
A
Each carbon has four single bonds
2
Q
Alkenes
A
Carbon has single bonds and one double bond
3
Q
Alkynes
A
Carbon has single bonds and one triple bond
4
Q
Empirical formula
A
Simplest ratio of atoms of each element in a compound
5
Q
Molecular formula
A
Total number of atoms of each element in a compound
6
Q
Alkane general formula
A
CnH2n+2
7
Q
Alkene general formula
A
CnH2n
8
Q
Cycloalkane
A
CnH2n
9
Q
1 carbon atom
A
Meth
10
Q
2 carbon atoms
A
Ethanol
11
Q
3 carbon atoms
A
Prop
12
Q
4 carbon atoms
A
But
13
Q
5 carbon atoms
A
Pent
14
Q
6 carbon atoms
A
Hex
15
Q
7 carbon atoms
A
Heat
16
Q
8 carbon atoms
A
Oct
17
Q
9 carbon atoms
A
Non
18
Q
10 carbon atoms
A
Dec
19
Q
Alkane
A
C-C
20
Q
Alkene
A
C=C
21
Q
Alcohol
A
OH
22
Q
2 side chains
A
di
23
Q
3 side chains
A
tri
24
Q
4 side chains
A
tetra
25
5 side chains
penta
26
6 side chains
hexa
27
7 side chains
heat
28
8 side chains
octa
29
Homologous series
Same functional group
Similar properties
General trend in boiling points
Differ by number of CH2 units
30
Structural isomerism
Same molecular formula but different structural formula
31
Types of structural isomers
Chain isomerism
Positional isomerism
Functional group isomerism
32
Types of stereoisomerism
Geometric isomerism (E/Z)
Optical isomerism
33
Chain
Length of C chain
34
Position
Position of functional group
35
Functional group
Type of functional group
36
Stereoisomerism
Same structural and molecular formula but different arrangement of atoms in space
37
E/Z isomerism
Both carbons have to have a different functional group
38
How does steriosomerism arise?
Each C in the C=C bond has to be bonded to 2 different functional groups
Restricted rotation around the C=C bond
