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Microbiology - step > key points - not specific topic > Flashcards

key points - not specific topic Flashcards

1
Q

describe how MRSA is resistant to methicillin and nafcillin?

A

altered penicillin-binding peptide

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2
Q

gram positive infection on prosthetic devices

A

staphylococcus epidermidis

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3
Q

dental caries

A

streptococcus viridans - streptococcus mutans

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4
Q

subacute endocarditis @ IVDU

A

staph aureus

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5
Q

subacute endocarditis @ post GI/Gu surgery

A

enterococcus

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6
Q

subacute endocarditis after oral surgery/dentist

A

Streptococcus viridans - streptococcus sanginuous

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7
Q

lancet shaped gram positive diplococci

A

streptococcus pneumoniae

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8
Q

pyrrolidonyl arrylamidase positive

A

streptococcus pyogenes

GAS

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9
Q

ASO titres positive

A

recent infection with streptococcus pyogenes

GAS

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10
Q

sepsis in babies

A

streptococcus agalactiae group B strep

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11
Q

positive hippurate test positive

A

streptococcus agalactiae

GVS

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12
Q

endocarditis + colon cancer

A

group D non enterococci - Streptococcus bovis biotype I = Streptococcus gallolyticus
can cause bactermia and colon cancer.

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13
Q

ABCDEFG of diptheria

A 
ADP ribosylation
Beta phage
Corynebactirum
Diptheriae
Elongation Factor 2
granules
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14
Q

List the bacteria that can form spores.

A 
Bacillus cerues - food poisoning
Bacillus anthrax - anthrax
Clostridium difficilie - colitis
Clostridium tetani - tetanus
Clostridium perfriengens - gas gangrene
Coxiella burnetti - Q fever
Clostridium botulinum - botulism
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15
Q

I say double zone of hemolysis you say?

A

clostridium perfringens and its alpha toxin

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16
Q

if I say widening the beta hemolysis of staph aureus you say?

A

streptococcus agalactiae with CAMP

GBS

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17
Q

if I say positive hippurate test you say?

A

streptococcus agalactiae

GBS

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18
Q

if I say positive pyrrolidonyl arylamidase you say?

A

streptococcus pyogenes GAS

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19
Q

if I say positive Elek test you say?

A

diphtheria toxin positive

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20
Q

flu like symptoms that progress rapidly to a) Fever b) pulmonary hemorrhage c) mediastinitis and d) shock

A

pulmonary anthrax

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21
Q

actin polymerization to move from cell to cell and across membranes

A

listeria monocytogenes with its tumbling motion and rocket tails from actin polymerization :) :)

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22
Q

what is the only gram positive moo to produce an endotoxin?

A

listeria monocytogenes

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23
Q

when I say black painless eschar with a surrounding vesicle that is PAINLESS and then becomes necrotic, still PAINLESS and can sometimes lead to bacteriemia/fatalities you think?

A

cutaneous anthrax
lethal toxin
oedema toxin

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24
Q

when I say cereulide, you think?

A

the preformed enterotoxin produced by bacillus cereus that causes emetic type of food poisoning after rehearting rice and pasta, you eat it. then you puke/nausea face after 1-5 hours of ingestion. hurrah.

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25
Q

oral and facial abscesses that drain through sinus tract
bacteria found in normal oral flora
not acid fast
anaerobe that you can treat with penicillin, not sulfur ;) :)

A

actinomyces

yellow sulphr granules

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26
Q

@ immunocompromised - pulmonary infections

@ immmunocompetnent after trauma - cutaneous infections

A

nocardia
aerobe
found in soul
treat with sulfonamides ;) (actinomycces sulfur granules)

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27
Q

niacin and heat resistant catalase, you say?

A

mycobacterium tuberculosis

28
Q 
low cell mediated immunity with a humoral TH2 response
cannot be grown in culture
glove and stocking
armadillos
deformity of digits
A

lepramoatous leprosy

Hansen disease

29
Q

high cell mediated response with a largely TH! type immune response
few hypoesthetic, hairless skin plaques

A

tuberculoid leprosy

Hansen disease

30
Q

leptospirosis presentation please

A

flu like symptoms
photophobia
conjunctival suffusion (erythema with no exudate)
jaundice
calf (typically) myalgia
in a surfer :) bc there is pee in the water

31
Q

weil disease please

A 
severe form of leptospirosis
flu like symptoms
azotemia
jaundice
renal and hepatic failure
fever
hemorrhage
anemia
32
Q 
flu like symptoms
azotemia
jaundice
hepatic and renal failure
fever
hemorrhage
anameia
A

weil disease

leptospira interrogans

33
Q 
flu like symptoms
jaundice
photophobia
calf myalgia
conjunctival suffusion
A

leptospirosis

34
Q

early sxs: erythema chronicum migrans, flu like symptoms, +/- facial nerve palsy
later sxs: monoarthritis @ large joints, classically knee, migratory polyarthritis AND av nodal block AND meningitis, polyneuritis, bilateral facial nerve palsy

A

lyme disease

borrelia burgdorferi
ixodes (anaplasma and babesia)

35
Q 
erythema marginatum
joints
subcutaneous nodules
carditis
syndenham chorea
impetigo or sore throat before.
A

rheumatic fever

s pyogenes

36
Q

what can give a false positive (specificity low) in the VDRL for syphilis?

A

viruses - mono and hepatitis
drugs
rheumatic fever
lupus and leprosy

anti beef cardiolipin - sensitive but not specific thus can rule out but not rule in. hurrah biostats.

37
Q

neonatal pneumonia with staccato cough and eosinophilia

neonatal conjunctivitis

A

chloamydia trachomatis serotypes d-k

38
Q

chlamydia trachomatis serotypes ABC

A

Africa
blindness - follicular conjunctivitis (conjunctival scarring, inverted eyelashes)
chronic infection

39
Q

small painless ulcers on genitals

swollen painful inguinal lymph nodes that ulcerate to buboes

A

lymphogranuloma venereum

chlamydia trachomatis L123

40
Q

chlamydia psitticia and pneunomiae

A

atypical pneumonia

41
Q

insidious onset of headace, nonproducive cough with a positive cold agglutination test and growth of mulberry like colonies on cholesterol enhanced media in people less than 30 yo in the military, prison or college dorms

A

mycoplasma pneumoniae

42
Q

name invasive bacteria that will cause PMNs to be observed in stool

A

shigella
salmonella
EIEC
campylobacter

43
Q

name toxogenic bacteria diarrhoea style please

A

clostridium perfringens
ETEC
EHEC
vibrio cholera

44
Q

list some motile gram negative/positive moos

A 
vibrio cholera like a shooting star
helicobacter pylori
pseudomonas
salmonella
e coli
campylobacter like gall wings
yersina when its cold
listeria tumbles rocket
45
Q

bacteria associated with Fitz-Hugh-Curtis

A

inflammation of liver capsule with adhesions

Neisseria gonorrhoea

46
Q

bacteria associated with Waterhouse-Friedrichson syndrome

A

Neisseria gonorrhoea
ecchymose, DIC. shock, coma and fatal
fever cills malaise prostration and petechial rash

47
Q

high fever
severe pneumonia - upper lobe and unilateral
gi
CNS symptoms

A

leigonnaires disease

air conditioner

48
Q

uti in catheter patients

A

pseudomonas and klebsiella

49
Q

differentiate between EIEC, EPEC, EHEC, and ETEC

A

EIEC: invasive, presents like dysentery ie shigella style
EPEC: adheres to M cells; flattens villi and prevents resorption. diarrhoea in children
EHEC: shiga like toxin, no invasion but causes necrosis anyways - dysentery like presentation
ETEC: heat labile and heat stabile watery like cholera; contaminated water - travellers diarrhoea

50
Q

red current jelly sputum
alcoholics
chronic lung disease
diabetics

A

klebsiella

51
Q

puppies, poultry, meat, unpastuerized milk
gall wings
likes it hot

A

campylobacter jejuni

52
Q

guillian barre and reactive arthritis

A

campylobacter jejuni

53
Q

gallbladder colonization
week one - constipation with bacteria in blood
week two - fever
week three - bacteria in stool

A

salmonella typhi/paratyphi

54
Q

rice water diarrhoea
alkaline media
permanent activation fo Gs

A

vibrio cholera

55
Q 
pseudoappendicitis
puppies
contaminated milk or porl
cold
motile when its cold but not when its hot
A

Yersinia pestis

56
Q 
gastritis
peptic ulcers
urease positive
positive urease breath test
gastric adenocarcinoma
MALToma
A

helicobacter pylori

57
Q 
flu like symptoms
myalgia of the calfs
photophobia
jaundice
conjunctival suffusion (erythema no exudate)
A

leptospirosis

58
Q 
jaundice
azotemia (liver and renal failure)
fever
hemorrhage
anaemia
exposure to water
A

tropics/Hawaii/surfers/occupation

weil disease aka icterohemorrhagic leptospirosis

59
Q 
broad based ataxia
positive rhomberg
charcot joint
stroke without hypertension
constriction with accommodation but not reactivit to light pupils
A

tertiary syphillis

60
Q

what can give false positive VDRLs

A

virus - mumps and hepatitis
drugs
rheumatic fever
leprosy and lupus

61
Q

epithelial cells undermicroscope that look stifled

vaginal fluid

A

bv

garnderella vaginalis

62
Q

outdoor exposure
north Carolina, south Carolina, tenessee
rash that started on trunk
not on palms and soles

A

Typhus
epidemic R prowaekki from louse
endemic R typhi from flea

63
Q

monocytes with morulae - berry like inclusions - in cytoplasm

A

erlichiosis

tick

64
Q

granulocytes with morulae - berry like inclusions - in cytoplasm

A

anaplasmosis

ixodes tick

65
Q

cattle and sheep amniotic fluid
pneumonia
endocarditis

A

Q fever

coxiella burnetti

Microbiology - step (9 decks)

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