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Microbiology - step > Parasites > Flashcards

Parasites Flashcards

1
Q 
bloating 
flatulence
foul smelling fatty diarrhoea
camper/hiker
tumbling mobility
A

giardia lamblia
protozoa
from cysts in the water form human, beaver, muskrat faeces

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2
Q

diagnosis of giardia lamblia

A

trophozoites of cysts in faeces

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3
Q

treatment of giardia lamblia

A

metronidazole

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4
Q

bloody and pusy diarrhoea
liver abscess, like anchovy past
RUQ
inverted flask shaped ulcer in large intestine

A

entamoeba histolytica
protozoa
eating cyst on a fruit or veg washed in contaminated water

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5
Q

diagnosis of entamoeba histolytica

A

serolory and or

trophozoites with RBC in cytoplasm – can have up to four uclie in stool

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6
Q

treatment of entamoeba histolytica

A

metronidazole

iodoquinol for asymptomatic carriers of cysts

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7
Q

severe diarrhoea in AIDs patients

mild transient in immunocompents

A

cyprosporidium

oocytes in water

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8
Q

prevention of cryptosporidium

A

resistant to chlorine

must filter water

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9
Q

diagnosis of cryptosporidium

A

acid fast oocytes

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10
Q

treatment of cryptosporidium in immnocompetent

A

nitrazoxanide

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11
Q

neonate with chorioretinitis, hydrocephalus and intracranial calcifications

A

congenital toxoplasmosis
mom gets primary infection during pregos
pork
cat faeces

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12
Q

aids patient with brain abscess as ring enhancing lesions on ct/mri

A

toxoplasma gondii

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13
Q

diagnosis of toxoplasmosis

A

serology and biopsy – tochyzoite

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14
Q

treatmet of toxoplasmosis

A

sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine

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15
Q 
prefrontal headache
nausea
high fever
altered sense of smell
swimming in warm fresh water
A

rapidly fatal meingoencephalitis
naefleria fowleri
protozoa

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16
Q

diagnosis of naugleria fowleri

A

amoebas in spinal fluid

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17
Q

treatment of naegleria fowleri

A

amphotericin B effective in a few survivors

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18
Q 
enlarged lymph nodes
recurring fever
somnolence 
coma
painful fly bite
A

African sleeping sickness

trypanosome brucei rhodiense/gambiense

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19
Q

tsetse fly

painful bite

A

trypanosome brucie - afrincan sleeping sicknesss

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20
Q

diagnosis of trypanosoma brucei

A

blood smear for trypanomastigotes

increased Ig in CSF

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21
Q

treatment of African sleepin sickness

A

suramin - blood

melarsoprol - cns penetration

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22
Q

schuffner stippling

A

seen in P vivax and P ovale

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23
Q

treatment of malaria

A

chloroquine for sensitive species (blocks p heme polymerase)

if resistant - mefloquine ro atovaquone/proguanil

life threatenint - iv quinidine or artesunate but test for g6pd deficiency

p vivax/ovale - add primaquine for hypnozoites and test for g6p deficiency

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24
Q

fever and hemolytic disease
NE USA
camping

A

babesia
increased in asplenia risk of
ixodes bite (lyme disease symptoms too)

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25
Q

diagnosis of babesiosis

A

blood smear with ring form or maltese cross or PCR

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26
Q

treatment of babesiosis

A

atovaquone and axithromycin

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27
Q

unilateral periorbital swelling/Romana sign
megacolon
megaoeseophagus
dilater cardiomyopathy with apical atrophy
painless bite

A

CHAGAS disease

trypancoma cruzi

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28
Q

reduviid bug

kisses <3

A

chagas disease
trypansoma cruzi
kissing bug, cone bug
painless

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29
Q

diagnosis of chagas disease

A

blood smear

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30
Q

from cats
from dogs
from opossums
from poverty housing

A

chagas disease - reduviid bug, kisses…..

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31
Q

treatment of chagas disease

A

benznidazole or nifurtimox

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32
Q

spikin fevers
hepatosplenomegaly
pancytopenia
sandfly bite

A

visceral leishmaniasis
leishmania donovani
protozoa

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33
Q

diagnosis of leischmania donovami

A

macrophages with amastigotes in bo, liver, spleen

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34
Q

treatment of leichmania donovani

A

amphotericin B, sodium stibogluconate

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35
Q

fould smelling, greenish frothy vaginal discharge, itching and burning

A

trichomonas vaginalis

sexy time delivery

36
Q

how to diagnosis trichomonas vaginalis

A

trophozoites that are motile on a wet mount

37
Q

I say strawberry cervix you sayÉ

A

frothy, green, smelly, itchy

trichomonas vaginalis

38
Q

treatment for trichomonas vaginalis

A

metronidazole for patient and partner (prophylaxis)

39
Q

anal pruritus mostly at night

A

enterobius vermicularis

pinworm

40
Q

deets on enterobius vermicularis please

A

nematode
aka pinworm
fecal oral spread with auto inoculation since its itchy for munchkins
treat with bendazole

41
Q

diagnosis of enterobius vermicularis please

A

the tape test

42
Q

early pneumonitis – ab pain and diarrhoea
late
late: malabsorption, ulcers and bloody stools

A

strongyloides stercolais

43
Q

deets on strongyloids stercoralis please

A 
nematode
thread worm
skin inoculation and autoinfection
may feel like a peptic ulcer
treat with ivermectin or bendazole
44
Q

cough – ileocecal obstruction/gall bladder obstruction

bile stained eggs

A

ascaris lumbricoides

45
Q

describe ascaris lumbricoides

A 
giant roundworm
fecal oral
nematode
bendazole
eggs visible in feces under microscope
46
Q

microcytic anemia

penetration at bare feet

A

ancylostoma duodenale
necator americanus
hookworms

47
Q

describe ancyclostoma duodenale and necator americanus

A

hookworms
nematodes
bendazole or pyrantel
intestinal infection causing microcytic anaemia by sucking blood from intestinal walls

48
Q 
fever
comiting
nausea
periorbilta oedema
splinter hemorrhages
A

trichinella spiralis
undercooked meat (pork(
fecal oral

49
Q

hyperpigmented itchy skin
river blindness
possible allergic reaction to moo

A

onchocerca volvulus

50
Q

describe onchocerca volvulus

A

nematode
female blackfly
black black black
ivermectin

51
Q

female blackfly bite

A

onchocerca volvulus

52
Q

swelling skin
worm in conjunctiva
calabar swelling

A

loa loa

53
Q

describe loa loa

A

nematode
tissue infection
deer fly horse fly and mango fly
treat with diethylcarbamazine

54
Q

deer fly
horse fly
mango fly

A

loa loa

55
Q

elephantiasis after 9 mo to 1 year

A

wuchereria bancrofti

56
Q

describe wuchereria bancrofti

A 
nematode
tissue infection
blocks lympatic vessels
female mostquito
treat with diethycarbamazine
57
Q

female mosquito

A

wuchereria bancrofti

58
Q

visceral larva migrans

A

worm crawls wherever it wants, then dies and makes an inflammatory reaction that manifests as a bump, wherever

toxocara carnis

59
Q

describe toxocara carnis

A 
nematode
tissue infection
fecal oral
visceral larva migrans
treat with bendazole
60
Q

puppies and pica

A

toxocara carnis

61
Q

list the ingested nematodes

A

enterobius vermiularis - anal itching/intestinal
ascaris lumbricoides - obstruction/intestinal
trichinella spiralis - myalgia/intestinal
toxocara carnis - larva migrans/tissue

62
Q

list the cutaneous nematodes

A

strongyloides stercoralis - pneumonitis/gi/intestinal

acyclostoma duodenale, necator americanus - microcytic anaemia/intestinal

63
Q

list the bites nematodes

A

onchocerca volvulus - female blackfly
loa loa - mango fly, deer fly, horse fly - calabar swelling
wuchereria bancrofti - female mosquito - elephantitis

64
Q

intestinal infection after ingestion of cysts visible in pork

A

taenia solium

65
Q

adult onset epilepsy

A

taenia solium
cysticercosis and neurocysticercosis
ingestion of eggs

66
Q

describe taenia solium

A

cestode
worse if ingest eggs - biopsy to diagnose
less severe if ingest larvae - proglottids in stool to diagnose
treat with praziquantel (albendazole for neurocysticercosis)

67
Q

megaloblastic anaemia

A

diphyllobothrium latum

68
Q

describe diphyllobothrium latum

A

cestode
competes for B12 in the intestinte
ingest larvae from fresh fish (also clonorchis)

69
Q

hydatid cysts in liver

anaphylaxis if anatigens released

A

echinococcus granulosus

70
Q

describe echinococcus granulosos

A

cestode
sheep intermediate host
dog feces contain eggs (more severe)
treat with albendazole

71
Q

liver and spleen enlargement due to fibrosis and inflammation

A

schistosoma mansion and japonicum

72
Q

describe schistosoma mansoni and japonicum

A 
dorsal finned egg
trematode
praziquantel
snales are host
cercariae penetrate the skin
from cats, dogs, cattle
liver and spleen enlargement - go to mesenteric veins after penetrating skin
73
Q

painless hematuria
pulmonary hypertension
squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder
Egypt and africa

A

schistosoma haemotobium

74
Q

describe schistosoma haematobium

A 
egg with terminal spin
snails are intermediate host
cercariae penetrate skin
bladder cancer bc mature in bladder vessels
treat with praziquantel
75
Q

pigmented gallstones

cholangiocarcinoma

A

clonorchis sinensis

76
Q

describe clonorchis sinensis

A 
trematode
praziquantel
from undercooked fish (diphyllobothrium latum too, woot) 
biliary tract inflammation
at cats, dogs, humans
77
Q

when I say biliary tract disease and cholangiocarcinoma you say

A

clonorchis sinensis

78
Q

when I say brain cysts and seizures you say?

A

taenia solium - egg ingestion

79
Q

hematuria painless

squamous cell carcinoma

A

schistosoma haematobium

80
Q

liver/hydatid cysts

A

echinococcus granulosus

81
Q

microcytic anaemia

A

necator americanus

acyclostoma duodenale

82
Q

myalgia and periorbital edema

A

trichenella spiralis

83
Q

perianal pruritus

A

enterobius vermicularis

84
Q

portal hypertension

A

schistosoma mansion and japonicum

85
Q

pulmonary hypertension

A

schistosoma haemotobium

86
Q

vitamin B12 deficiency

A

diphyllobothrium latum

87
Q

fresh water fish

A

diphyllobothrium latum

clonorchis sinensis

Microbiology - step (9 decks)

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