011915 nutrition biochem

Question 1

how are proteins absorbed in duodenum and jejunum

Answer 1

amino acid transporters (amino acid class specific, dipeptide, tripeptide)

Question 2

fxn of thiamine

Answer 2

cofactor for pyruvate dehydrogenase (pyruvate to acetyl coA)

maintains neural membranes and normal nerve conduction

etc

Question 3

polyneuropathy - dry beriberi

Answer 3

thiamine/vit B1 deficiency

Question 4

Wenicke Korsakoff syndrome (brain pathology)

Answer 4

thiamine/vit B1 deficiency

Question 5

dilated cardiomyopathy

Answer 5

thiamine/vit B1 deficiency

Question 6

fxn of pantothenic acid/vit B5

Answer 6

a part of coenzyme A

part of acl carrier protein for fatty acid synthesis

Question 7

deficiency of pantothenic acid/vit B5 results in

Answer 7

dermatitis, enteritis, alopecia (epithelial cells)

adrenal insufficiency

Question 8

riboflavin/vit B2’s fxn

Answer 8

electron carrier (FMN and FAD)

Question 9

cheilosis (scaling and fissures at corners of mouth)

Answer 9

riboflavin/vit B2 defic.

Question 10

riboflavin/vit B2 deficiency results in

Answer 10

cheilosis
dermatitis
corneal neovascularization

Question 11

niacin/vit B3’s active forms

Answer 11

NAD, NADH, NADP, NADPH

Question 12

pellagra-3D’s

Answer 12

dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia

niacin/vit B3 def

Question 13

glossitis

Answer 13

niacin/vit B3 def

Question 14

fxn of biotin/vit B7

Answer 14

carboxylase cofactor-binds CO2

Question 15

deficiency of biotin/vit B7 results in

Answer 15

dermatitis
alopecia
enteritis

Question 16

pyridoxine/vit B6’s active form

Answer 16

pyridoxal phosphate

Question 17

fxn of pyridoxine/vit B6

Answer 17

coenzyme involved in:

• -amino acid degradation/conversion
• -glycogen degradation
• -porphyrin synthesis

Question 18

sideroblastic anemia

Answer 18

pyridoxine/vit B6 defic

Question 19

pyridoxine/vit B6 deficiency results in

Answer 19

convulsions
dermatitis
peripheral nueropathy
sideroblastic anemia

Question 20

fxn of folate/vit B9

Answer 20

carrier of one carbone units for purine synthesis, dTMP synthesis from dUMP, conversion of homocysteine to methionine for SAM synthesis

Question 21

fetal neural tube defects

Answer 21

folate/vit B9 defic

cobalamin/vit B12 defic

Question 22

where is microbiota produced biotin absorbed?

Answer 22

large intestine

Question 23

fxn of ascorbate/vit C

Answer 23

antioxidant (ROS, oxidized vit E)
post translational modification of proteins/collagen
etc

Question 24

scurvy

Answer 24

ascorbate/vit C defic

Question 25

vit E/tocopherol fxn

Answer 25

antioxidant

recycled by vit C

Question 26

hemolytic anemia

Answer 26

vit E/tocopherol defic

Question 27

fxn of vit K/phylloquinone

Answer 27

cofactor for vit K dependent gamma carboxylase

Question 28

vit A forms

Answer 28

beta carotene (antioxidant, vit A precursor)
retinol (vit A)
11-cis retinal (retinaldehyde)-vision
retinoic acid-gene regulation

Question 29

vit A deficiency’s effects

Answer 29

night blindness
susceptibility to infec
etc

Question 30

animal form of vitamin D

Answer 30

vit D3

Question 31

active form of vit D

Answer 31

1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D

Question 32

rickets

Answer 32

vit D defic

Question 33

vit D is absorbed where

Answer 33

ileum

Question 34

microbiota produced vit K is absorbed where

Answer 34

large intestine

Question 35

post translational modification-this fxn exists for what vitamins?

Answer 35

K, C

Question 36

gene expression is impacted by what vit

Answer 36

A, D

Question 37

substrate carrier vitamines

Answer 37

thiamine, pantothenic acid

Question 38

absorption of minerals occurs where

Answer 38

stomach and entire intestine

Question 39

zinc’s fxn

Answer 39

wound healing, spermatogenesis

Question 40

copper’s fxns

Answer 40

antioxidant
electron transport
collagen crosslinking
development

Question 41

selenium’s fxns

Answer 41

antioxidant

thyroid hormone fxn