3.3 Fascia, Nerves, & Vasculature of Lower Limb

Question 1

What two types of fascia are on the lower limb

Answer 1

Superficial and deep fascia

Question 2

What separates compartments of muscles in deep fascia

Answer 2

Fibrous septa

Question 3

Thick deep fascia covering the muscles

Answer 3

Fascia lata

Question 4

Deep fascia creates tight compartments which allow efficient

Answer 4

Venous blood return to the heart

Question 5

Veins in the lower extremity have valves that prevent

Answer 5

Blood from moving inferiorly

Question 6

Great saphenous vein drains into

Answer 6

Femoral vein

Question 7

The small saphenous vein drains into

Answer 7

The popliteal vein

Question 8

Results when valves in superficial veins do not close properly

Answer 8

Varicose veins

Question 9

Thick lateral portion of fascia lata, helps to limit adduction of hip

Answer 9

Iliotibial tract

Question 10

Iliotibial tract provides insertion for

Answer 10

Gluteus Maximus and tensor fasciae latae

Question 11

The external iliac artery passes through the inguinal ligament and changes to

Answer 11

Femoral artery

Question 12

The femoral artery passes through the adductor hiatus and changes to

Answer 12

Popliteal artery

Question 13

The popliteal artery splits into

Answer 13

Anterior tibial artery
Posterior tibial artery
Fibular artery

Question 14

The superior and inferior gluteal arteries come off of the

Answer 14

Internal iliac artery

Question 15

Junctional region between the trunk and lower limb

Answer 15

Femoral triangle

Question 16

The femoral triangle contains what vasculature

Answer 16

Femoral n. A. V.

Great saphenous v.

Question 17

The femoral triangle is bounded superiorly, laterally, and medially by

Answer 17

Superior-inguinal ligament
Medial- adductor longus
Lateral- sartorius

Question 18

Femoral nerve supplies

Answer 18

Anterior thigh muscles

Question 19

Obturator nerve supplies

Answer 19

Thigh adductors

Question 20

The sciatic nerve supplies

Answer 20

Posterior thigh muscles

Question 21

Sciatic nerve splits into

Answer 21

Tibial nerve

Common fibular nerve

Question 22

The common fibular nerve splits into

Answer 22

Superficial fibular nerve

Deep fibular nerve

Question 23

Tibial nerve supplies

Answer 23

Posterior leg

Question 24

Superficial fibular nerve supplies

Answer 24

Lateral leg muscles

Question 25

Deep fibular nerve supplies

Answer 25

Anterior leg muscles

Question 26

The anterior rami of spinal nerves L1-L5 combine to form

Answer 26

The lumbar plexus

Question 27

The anterior rami of spinal nerves S1–S5 combine to form

Answer 27

The sacral plexus

Question 28

What rami form the lumbar plexus

Answer 28

L1-L5

Question 29

What rami form the sacral plexus

Answer 29

S1-S5

Question 30

What links the lumbar plexus and the sacral plexus to form the lumbosacral plexus

Answer 30

Lumbosacral trunk

Question 31

Fibers from L2-S3 commingle to form nerves that supply

Answer 31

The lower limb

Question 32

Nerve that runs through the greater sciatic foramen superior to the piriformis

Answer 32

Superior gluteal

Question 33

Damage to the superior gluteal nerve results in

Answer 33

Contralateral hip drop

Question 34

What nerve runs through greater sciatic foramen inferior to piriformis

Answer 34

Inferior gluteal nerve

Question 35

Damage to inferior gluteal nerve results in

Answer 35

Difficulty climbing stairs and rising from seat

Question 36

What nerve runs deep to the sacrotuberous ligament

Answer 36

Pudendal nerve

Question 37

Pinching the sciatic nerve causes

Answer 37

Pain in the lower limb

Question 38

Pain in the area of distribution of sciatic nerve (L4-S3)

Answer 38

Sciatica

Question 39

The nerves (terminal branches of the lumbar plexus) descend into the lower limb to innervate skeletal muscles

Answer 39

Compartmentally

Question 40

Damage to sciatic nerve results in inability to

Answer 40

Flex knee and move all distal joints

Question 41

Sciatic nerve exits inferior to

Answer 41

Piriformis muscle

Question 42

What nerve runs deep to inguinal ligament to emerge into femoral triangle

Answer 42

Femoral nerve

Question 43

Damage to the femoral nerve causes

Answer 43

Inability to extend leg | Reliance on intact leg to climb stairs, rise from a seated position

Question 44

Damage to obturator nerve causes

Answer 44

Weak adduction of thigh

Question 45

What nerve runs through obturator foramen to emerge between adductor breviary and adductor longus

Answer 45

Obturator nerve

Question 46

What are the hamstring muscles

Answer 46

Biceps femoris long head Semitendinosus Semimembranosus

Question 47

What muscles cross the hip and knee joint

Answer 47

Hamstrings

Question 48

The hamstring muscles act to

Answer 48

Extend the thigh and flex the knee

Question 49

Semitendinosus origin and insertion

Answer 49

O: ischial tuberosity I: medial surface of upper tibia

Question 50

Semitendinosus nerve and action

Answer 50

N: tibial division of sciatic nerve A: extends thigh, flexes and medially rotates leg

Question 51

Semimembranosus origin and insertion

Answer 51

O: ischial tuberosity I: medial condyle of tibia

Question 52

Semimembranosus nerve and action

Answer 52

N: tibial division of sciatic nerve A: extends thigh, flexes and medially rotates leg

Question 53

Biceps femoris long head origin and insertion

Answer 53

O: ischial tuberosity I: head of fibula

Question 54

Biceps femoris long head nerve and action

Answer 54

N: tibial division of sciatic nerve A: extends thigh, flexes and laterally rotates leg

Question 55

Biceps femoris short head origin and insertion

Answer 55

O: linea aspera I: head of fibula

Question 56

Biceps femoris short head nerve and action

Answer 56

N: common fibular division of sciatic nerve A: flexes and laterally rotates leg

Question 57

Common sports injury, can result in avulsion from origin at ischial tuberosity, muscle tear, and hematoma

Answer 57

Pulled hamstrings

Question 58

Hamstrings hold thigh in (isometric contraction)

Answer 58

Flexion

Question 59

Hamstrings shorten to raise thigh into (concentric )

Answer 59

Extension

Question 60

Hamstrings lengthen to lower thigh into (eccentric contraction)

Answer 60

Flexion