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Sam's Human Gross Anatomy > 4.4 The Neck: Bones, Muscles, Vessels, Nerves > Flashcards

4.4 The Neck: Bones, Muscles, Vessels, Nerves Flashcards

(75 cards)

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1
Q

C1 is

C2 is

A

C1 atlas

C2 axis

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2
Q

Vertebral arteries pass through what part of the cervical vertebrae

A

Transerve foramen

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3
Q

Prevents hyperflexion of the vertebral column

A

Posterior longitudinal ligament

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4
Q

Alar ligaments of atlas vertebrae connect to the

A

Occipital bone

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5
Q

The transverse ligament of atlas connects to

A

Tubercles for transverse ligaments of atlas

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6
Q

What can happen if the transverse ligament of atlas is ruptured

A

Dens can be driven into the spinal cord causing quadriplegia, or into medulla causing sudden death

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7
Q

Neck injuries are potentially serious because of possibility of

A

Fractured vertebrae, compression or transection of cord and dislocations

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8
Q

Functions of the hyoid bone

A

Raise and lower larynx

Provide stable platform for tongue

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9
Q

Platysma nerve and action

A

CN7 facial

A: depresses mandible and tenses skin of lower face and neck

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10
Q

Sternocleidomastoid origin and insertion

A

O: anterior manubrium and superior medial 1/3 of clavicle
I: lateral mastoid process and lateral half of superior nuchal line

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11
Q

Sternocleidomastoid nerve

A

CNXI spinal accessory

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12
Q

Sternocleidomastoid actions

A

Unilaterally: tilts head to its own side rotates head
Bilaterally: extends atlantooccipital joint, flexes neck

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13
Q

The sternocleidomastoid divides the side of the neck into

A

Two triangles

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14
Q

Trapezius nerve

A

CNXI spinal accessory

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15
Q

Trapezius origin and insertion

A

O: superior nuchal line
I: clavical, scapula

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16
Q

Action of trapezius

A

Superior fibers extend neck

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17
Q

The cervical plexus is formed from

A

Ventral rami of C1-C5

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18
Q

The cervical plexus is found

A

Deep to sternocleidomastoid

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19
Q

The cervical plexus innervates

A

Skin of neck
Infrahyoid
Diaphragm

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20
Q

What muscle is the floor of the posterior cervical triangle

A

Splenius capitis

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21
Q

Splenius capitis is innervated by

A

Posterior rami of middle cervical spinal nerves

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22
Q

Levator scapulae is innervated by

A

Dorsal scapular nerve and c3-c4

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23
Q

Posterior scalene origin and insertion

A

O: transverse process of C4-C6
I: external border of 2nd rib

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24
Q

Posterior scalene action

A

Flexes neck laterally, elevates second rib

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25
Posterior scalene nerve
C7-C8
26
Middle scalene origin and insertion
O: transverse process of C3-C7 I: superior surface of 1st rib
27
Middle scalene nerve
Anterior rami of cervical spinal cord
28
Action of middle scalene
Flexes neck laterally, elevates 1st rib
29
Anterior scalene origin and insertion
O: transverse process of C3-C6 I: 1st rib
30
Anterior scalene nerve
C4-C6
31
Action of anterior scalene
Elevates first rib, laterally flexes and rotates neck
32
What are the 6 contents of the carotid sheath
``` Internal jugular v Common carotid a Carotid sinus Carotid body Vagus n Glossopharyngeal n ```
33
Monitors blood pressure
Carotid sinus
34
Monitors oxygen
Carotid body
35
What are the suprahyoid muscles
Stylohyoid Anterior and posterior bellies of digastric Mylohyoid Geniohyoid
36
Digastric origin and insertion
O: anterior belly- inner surface of anterior mandible Posterior belly- mastoid notch (temporal bone) I: intermediate tendon to body and greater horn of hyoid bone
37
Action of digastric
Depresses mandible, raises hyoid and steadies it during speaking and swallowing
38
Digastric nerve
Anterior belly: CNV3 mandibular | Posterior belly: CNVII facial
39
Mylohyoid origin and insertion
O: mylohyoid line of mandible I: median raphe and body of hyoid bone
40
Action of mylohyoid
Elevates hyoid, floor of mouth and tongue during swallowing and speaking
41
Mylohyoid nerve
CNV3 Mandibular
42
Geniohyoid origin and insertion
O: inferior mental spine of mandible I: body of hyoid bone
43
Action of geniohyoid
Pulls hyoid bone anteriorly/ superiorly, shortens floor of mouth, widens pharynx
44
Geniohyoid nerve
ventral ramus of C1
45
Stylohyoid origin and insertion
O: styloid process of temporal bone I: body of hyoid bone
46
Action of stylohyoid
Elevates and retracts hyoid bone thereby elongating mouth
47
Stylohyoid nerve
CNVII facial nerve
48
What are the infrahyoid muscles
Sternohyoid Omohyoid Sternothyroid Thyrohyoid
49
All of the infrahyoid muscles
Depress the hyoid bone and larynx
50
The strap muscles are the
Infrahyoid muscles
51
What are the nine cartilages of the larynx
``` Thyroid Cricoid Epiglottic 2 arytenoid 2 corniculate 2 cuneiform ```
52
Sternohyoid origin and insertion
O: manubrium of sternum and medial end of clavicle I: body of hyoid bone
53
Action of sternohyoid
Depress hyoid bone after it had been elevated during swallowing
54
Sternohyoid nerve
C1-C3 via ansa cervicalis
55
Omohyoid origin and insertion
O: superior border of scapula I: inferior border of hyoid bone
56
Omohyoid action
Depresses, steadies, and retracts hyoid bone
57
Omohyoid nerve
C1-C3 via ansa cervicalis
58
Sternothyroid origin and insertion
O: posterior surface of manubrium of sternum I: oblique line of thyroid cartilage
59
Action of sternothyroid
Depresses thyroid cartilage
60
Sternothyroid nerve
C2-C3 via ansa cervicalis
61
Thyrohyoid origin and insertion
O: oblique line of thyroid cartilage I: inferior body of greater horn of hyoid bone
62
Action of thyrohyoid
Depresses hyoid bone and elevates thyroid cartilage
63
Thyrohyoid nerve
C1 via hypoglossal nerve
64
Longus colli origin and insertion
O: anterior bodies of cervical and upper thoracic vertebrae I: transverse process of C3-C6
65
Action of longus colli
Bilaterally flexes neck | Unilaterally rotates neck
66
Longus colli nerve
C2-C6
67
Longus capitis origin and insertion
O: occipital bone I: transverse process of C3-C6
68
Longus capitis nerve
C1-C3
69
Longus capitis action
Bilaterally flexes head | Unilaterally rotates head
70
Rectus capitis anterior origin and insertion
O: lateral mass of atlas I: basilar part of occipital bone
71
Rectus capitis anterior nerve
C1-C2
72
Rectus capitis anterior action
Flexes atlantooccipital joint
73
Rectus capitis lateralis origin and insertion
O: transverse process of atlas I: lateral occipital bone
74
Rectus capitis lateralis nerve
C1-C2
75
Rectus capitis lateralis action
Flexes atlantooccipital joint, stabilizes the head

Sam's Human Gross Anatomy (11 decks)

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