3.4 Network hardware Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in 3.4 Network hardware Deck (20)
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1
Q

What is the network interface card

A

a hardware component (circuit board or chip) that is required to allow a device to connect to a network such as the internet

2
Q

Diff between WNIC and NIC

A

they use wireless connectivity utilising an antenna to communicate with networks via microwaves

3
Q

What is a MAC adress

format of it

A

a unique identifier which acts as a network address for a device

it takes the form NN-NN-NN-DD-DD-DD, where NN is the manufacturer code and DD is the device code.
All digits are hexadecimals.

4
Q

What happens to MAC address if NIC is changed

A

MAC address is also changed

5
Q

What are the 2 types of mac addresses

A

UAA - Universally Administered MAC address

LAA - Locally Administered MAC address

6
Q

Explain UAA

A

Most common type of MAC address that is set by the manufacturer at the factory.

Rare that users would change this

but if they do change it then they have to make sure its unique.

7
Q

Why may the MAC address have to be changed using LAA

A

Format - certain software on mainframes require all the devices’ MAC address to be in a particular format. Change the MAC addresses of those devices that don’t follow the format.

Bypass a MAC address filter on a router or a firewall

Get past certain types of network restrictions - EMULATE UNRESTRICTED MAC ADDRESSES

8
Q

What is a private IP address

What is a public IP address

A

A private IP address is unique to a device on a certain network

A public IP address is completely unique to a device. Routers are given the public IP address by the ISP when they connect to the internet. All devices connected to same router have same public ip addresses but diff private ip addresses.

9
Q

What are the 2 formats of IP addresses and the difference

A

IPv4 - 32 bits - 4 groups of 8 bits

IPv6 - 128-bit addresses - take the form of eight groups of hex digits

10
Q

Why IPv6 is better than IPv4

A

» removes the risk of IP address collisions
» has built-in authentication checks
» allows for more efficient packet routes.

11
Q

Differences between IP address and MAC address

A
MAC - 
identifies the physical address of a device on
the network
use 48 bits
can be UAA or LAA
unique for device on the network

IP -
identifies the global address on the internet
use either 32 bits (IPv4) or 128 bits (IPv6)
can be static or dynamic
may not necessarily be unique

12
Q

What are the 2 types of IP addressess

A

Static - remain constant

Dynamic - change every time a device connects to the internet

13
Q

What is a static IP address

what are they usually assigned to

A

Static IP addresses are permanently assigned to a device by the internet service provider (ISP)

Remote servers hosting websites
Online database
FTP server

14
Q

What does an FTP server do

when does it

A

File Transfer Protocol - FTP servers are used when files need to be transferred to various computers throughout the network servers

15
Q

What is a DHCP

A

A computer on the internet, configured as a DHCP server, is used by the ISP to automatically assign an IP address to a device

16
Q

Dynamic IP address vs Static

A

Dynamic -
Greater privacy since IP is changed every time

Static
since static IP addresses don’t change, they allow each device to be fully traceable
allow for faster upload and download speeds more expensive to maintain since the
device must be constantly running so that information is always available

17
Q

Sequence for getting a website in Dynamic

A

Device makes a request for IP address from DHCP
DHCP sends a temporary IP address to device

Device sends URL to Domain name server
DNS translates the required website URL into an IP address and sends it back to the device

Message sent from the device to the ip address of website server requesting the webpage
Required webpage is sent back to the device’s IP address

18
Q

Sequence for getting a website in static

A

Device already has an IP address (static doesn’t change)

Sends the URL to Domain name server
DNS translates the required website URL into an IP address and sends it back to the device

Message sent from the device to the ip address of website server requesting the webpage
Required webpage is sent back to the device’s static IP address

19
Q

What is a router

A

Enables data packets to be routed between different networks

20
Q

Main function of router

A

transmit internet and transmission protocols between two networks and also allow private networks to be connected together