What is the internet
what does it make use of
the world-wide interconnection of networks
makes use of TCP and IP protocols
What is the world wide web
what is it based on
small part of the internet which is a massive collection of web page
Based on hypertext transfer protocols (http and https)
Uses for internet
> send and receive emails
allow for online chatting
What are TCP and IP fullforms
TCP - Transmission protocols
IP - Internet protocols
Characteristics of WWW
> http(s) protocols are written using hypertext mark-up language (HTML)
uniform resource locators (URLs) are used to specify the location of web pages
web resources are accessed by web browsers
What are web browsers
software that allow users to access and display web pages on their device screens.
how and what do browsers do what they do
interpret hypertext mark-up language (HTML) sent from websites and produce the results on the user’s device.
What is HTML
Hypertext markup language
ddf webpages
write http(s) protocols
What is URL
Uniform resource locator - are text addresses used to access websites
What is HTTP
set of rules that must be obeyed when transferring files across the internet
Features of a web browser
Home page
History of websites visited by the user
Make use of cookies
Data is stored cache
Have an address bar
DNS
Domain Name Server - a server that looks up domain names for websites n order to find the IP addresses that a computer needs to locate the web servers
What is a cookie
a text file sent from a website to a user’s browser; it is used to remember user preferences each time they visit the website
What are the 2 types of cookies
Session cookies
persistent (permanent cookies)
What are session cookies
a cookie that is stored temporarily on a computer; it is deleted when the browser is closed or the website session ends
What are permanent cookies
a cookie that is stored on the user’s hard drive and only deleted when the expiry date is reached or the cookie is deleted by the user
What is a virtual shopping basket
an area of memory in a website where items a user wishes to purchase are temporarily stored;
items remain in the basket until payment is made or the session has ended
Uses of persistent cookies
allow website to rem user’s username and passwords
Track internet habits and user’s website history
store users’ preferences
are used in online financial transactions
allow progress in online games and quizzes to be stored
In the url:
https://www.brainscape.com/l/dashboard/computer-science-18979283/decks/11766542/cards/new
what is the protocol
what is the domain host
what is the domain name
what is the domain type
what is the country code
what is the path
what is the file name
protocol - http
domain host - www.
domain name - brainscape
domain type - .com
country code - doesnt have but would be .us, .in, .uk, etc
path is the webpage - dashboard/computer-science etc etc
filename is cards/new
Describe the process of a retrieval of a webpage
User opens broswer and types in URL
Browser asks DNS server for the ip adress
if DNS server cant find, sends a req to DNS server 2
DNS server 2 finds the webpage and maps it to the IP address.
IP address sent to dns server 1 which puts it in its database
IP address then sent to user’s computer
Computer sets up communication with website server. HTML files sent from website server to computer. Browser interprets the HTML and displays content on user’s computer.
Diff between Internet and WWW
Internet:
* makes use of transmission protocols
(TCP) and internet protocols (IP)
* it is a worldwide collection of
interconnected networks and devices
WWW:
* http(s) protocols are written using
hypertext mark-up language (HTML)
* it is a collection of multimedia web pages
and other information on websites
