Chapter 3.1 (B) Instruction sets and embedded systems Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Chapter 3.1 (B) Instruction sets and embedded systems Deck (16)
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1
Q

What is an opcode

A

part of a machine code instruction that informs the CPU what operation needs to be done

2
Q

What is an operand

A

part of a machine code instruction that identifies what data is to be used

3
Q

What is an instruction set

A

the complete set of machine code instructions used by a particular microprocessor

4
Q

What is an embedded system

A

A combination of hardware and software which is designed to carry out a specific set of instructions

5
Q

Types of hardware in an embedded system

A

Electrical
Electro-mechanical
Electronic

6
Q

What is a microcontroller

A

a chip which has a CPU along with some RAM, ROM, and other peripherals all embedded into one chip

7
Q

What is a microprocessor

A

An integrated circuit which only has a CPU

The RAM, ROM and other peripherals are not included but can be added

8
Q

What is an SoC (full form and function)

A

System on Chips - A single chip which contains a microcontroller as one of its components along with I/O ports and secondary storage

9
Q

Full form of I/O (I/O port)

A

Input/output port

10
Q

Adv of embedded systems

A

Small size - easy to fit into devices

Consume less power

Relatively low cost to make - compared to other systems

Can be controlled remotely

PS CC

11
Q

Disadv of embedded systems

A

Can be difficult to upgrade to take adv of new tech

Since it can be accessed over the internet it can be hacked/get a virus

Very wasteful - since they’re difficult to upgrade

Only a specialist can troubleshoot errors in an embedded system

12
Q

Examples of embedded systems

A
Motor vehicles 
Set-top boxes
Security systems
Lighting systems
Washing machines
Vending systems
13
Q

Characteristics of embedded systems

A

Analogue or digital input (sensors or user input)

User interface

Some form of output (actuators)

Small in size therefore they are easy to fit into devices.

14
Q

2 types of embedded systems
main difference

A

programmable
non-programmable

Main diff: Non-programmable devices need, in general, to be replaced if they require a software upgrade

15
Q

2 methods to upgrade programmable embedded systems

A

> connecting the device to a computer and allowing the download of updates to the software

automatic updates via a Wi-Fi, satellite or cellular link

16
Q

2 methods to upgrade programmable embedded systems

A

> connecting the device to a computer and allowing the download of updates to the software

automatic updates via a Wi-Fi, satellite or cellular link