GI Disorders Flashcards
associated with H. pylori infection and NSAID use, gastric atrium or duodenum, solitary, small “punched-out defect,” chronic inflammation, age, smoking, corticosteroids, gnawing epigastric pain, worse at night and postprandial
Peptic ulcer
adenocarcinomas are most common, 2nd most common cause of death, diagnosed in advanced stages, associated with high fat diets that lack fiber (highly processed food)
Colorectal cancer
outpouching (diverticula) develop in colon, older adults, increase fiber (stool bulk)
Diverticulosis
inflammation of distal colorectal region, pseudopolyps, onset in mid-20s, grossly bloody stools, episodic, relieved by smoking
Ulcerative colitis
autoimmune, inflammation throughout G.I. tract, skip lesions (skip around), strictures
Crohn disease
no inflammation, but bowel dysfunction is present
Irritable bowel syndrome
gluten-sensitivity enteropathy, non-infectious, inability to metabolize gliadin, loss of brush boarder in small intestine, malabsorption, bloating, gastroenteritis
Celiac disease
(AKA Environmental enteropathy), idiopathic malabsorption, tropics, diarrhea, fever, most common among children
Tropical sprue
Vibrio cholerae, cholera toxin, drinking water, watery diarrhea, lethal dehydration
Cholera
Clostridium difficile, nosocomial (hospitals), intestinal pseudomembranes
Pseudomembranous colitis
protrusion of stomach through diaphragm, next to esophagus, very common, asymptomatic or GERD
Hiatal hernia
weakness in abdominal wall allows for G.I. protrusion, umbilical, inguinal
Bowel herniation
squamous cell metaplasia, chronic GERD, male, Caucasians, 40-60 years
Barrett esophagus
congenital megacolon, lack of neural ganglia in rectum
Hirschsprung disease
