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601 EXAM 2 > 3.6 Mitosis Meiosis > Flashcards

3.6 Mitosis Meiosis Flashcards

1
Q

Gametes have ______ DNA

A

1/2

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2
Q

Meiosis produces ______ genes while mitosis produces _____ genes

A

Haploid, diploid

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3
Q

______ is an undifferentiated male germ cell

A

Spermatogonia

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4
Q

Where do spermatogonia live?

A

Basal compartment of seminiferous tubule

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5
Q

What are the two types of spermatogonia?

A

-Type A: stem cells (divide and stay in basal component)
-Type B: progenitor cells for primary spermatocytes (move up to be turned into mature sperm)

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6
Q

______ is when Type B spermatogonia become primary spermacytes

A

Spermatocytogenesis

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7
Q

How many chromosomes do primary spermatocytes have?

A

46 (44+ XY)

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8
Q

Meiosis are divisions that cause the sperm to go down to ______ chromosomes

A

23

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9
Q

How many chromosomes do secondary spermatocytes have?

A

23(22+ X or Y)

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10
Q

______ are elaborate epithelial cells with many junctions that are essential for spermatogenesis

A

Sertoli cells

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11
Q

______ is the differentiation of spermatic into spermatozoa

A

Sperminogenesis

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12
Q

There is a blood testes barrier between ______ cells

A

Sartoli

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13
Q

What does a sperm have in its middle section?

A

Mitochondria to power it’s swimming to the egg

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14
Q

Eggs sit in the _____

A

Mesovarium

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15
Q

Are the ovaries connected to the Fallopian tubes?

A

No

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16
Q

Primordial germ cells arise from the yolk sac and migrate to the genital ridge ______ after fertilization

A

24 days

17
Q

How many oogonia are present by the second month of development? 7 months?

A
  • 600,000
  • 7 million
18
Q

Oogonia become primary oocytes when?

A

When they enter prophase of first meiotic division

19
Q

Which class of follicles formed in mammalian ovaries consists of an oocyte surrounded by a single layer of flattened granulosa cells?

A

Primordial follicles

20
Q

Steps for oocyte to mature and be released

A

Primary follicle —> secondary follicle —> Graafian follicle —> ruptured follicle —> released oocyte

21
Q

What is this?

A

Primordial follicles

22
Q

What are some characteristics of the late primary follicle? (Epithelium, size)

A
  • follicular cells become stratified cuboidal epithelium
  • oocyte increases in size
  • zona pellucida developed
23
Q

What is the zona pellucida?

A

the thick transparent membrane surrounding a mammalian ovum before implantation (goes away once it turns into a blastocyte)

24
Q

What is liquor folliculi?

A

Liquid which fills the follicular antrum and surrounds the ovum

25
Q

The ____ is a space between granules cells that holds liquor folliculi and produces the pressure to ovulate

A

Antrum

26
Q

The ______ is the outer layer of cells of a Graafian follicle.

A

Theca folliculi

27
Q

Difference between theca interna and externa

A

theca interna produces androgens and the theca externa is a connective tissue layer derived from fibroblast-like cells that produce extracellular matrix factors, such as collagen.

28
Q

The ______ is the layer of follicular cells that gets shedded with the oocyte in ovulation.

A

Corona radiata (crown)

29
Q

The spermatocytes has to get through the _____ to get to the egg

A

Follicular cells

30
Q

________ is the reabsption/death of a follicle

A

Atresia (becomes antrum)

31
Q

Which are bigger: sperm or egg?

A

Egg

32
Q

When do the first and second meiotic division of the oocyte happen?

A

First: after oocyte is ovulated
Second: after fertilization

33
Q

Where are the polar bodies found?

A

Zona pellucida

34
Q

What happens after a sperm penetrates the ZP?

A

Cortical reaction is triggered to mot let other sperm in (hardening of ZP Ned inactivation of sperm receptors)

601 EXAM 2 (11 decks)

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