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Opt 122: Anatomy, Histology, and Physiology II > Reproductive System- Taylor > Flashcards

Reproductive System- Taylor Flashcards

0
Q

When are we genotypically considered male or female?

A

Conception

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1
Q

Where is the Y (SRY) gene located?

A

The Yp11 arm of the Y chromosome

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2
Q

When are we phenotypically considered male or female?

A

7th week of development

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3
Q

Where are the developing genital ridges located?

A

Around the developing hindgut and it’s mesentery

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4
Q

From what are genital ridges derived?

A

Endodermal epithelium

Mesodermal mesenchyme

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5
Q

Where do epiblastic germ cells migrate, and what do they form?

A

From the primitive streak -> gonadal ridges -> form sex cords

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6
Q

In which sex do medullary cords continue to develop?

A

Males

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7
Q

What do the medullary cords develop into?

A

The rete testes

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8
Q

What is within the rete testes?

A

The sustentacular cells of Sertoli

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9
Q

What do the Sertoli cells help with?

A

Forming the blood-testes barrier

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10
Q

What lies between the rete testes tubules?

A

The interstitial cells of Leydig

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11
Q

What do the Leydig cells do?

A

Secrete testosterone by week 8 of development

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12
Q

In which sex do the cortical cords develop?

A

Female

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13
Q

What do the cortical cords do?

A

Replace medullary cords

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14
Q

From where do cortical cords arise?

A

Proliferating epithelium

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15
Q

What do the cortical cords become?

A

Follicular cells

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16
Q

In which sex does the tunica albuginea develop?

A

Males

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17
Q

What is the tunica albuginea, and what does it do?

A

It’s a thick surface layer of developing gonad

It separates the testes cords from the surface epithelium

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18
Q

Why doesn’t the tunica albuginea develop in females?

A

It allows for the development of the cortical cords

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19
Q

What does the mesonephric duct develop into in males?

A

Epididymis
Seminal vesicles
Ejaculatory duct

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20
Q

What does the mesonephric duct fuse with in females?

A

The paramesonephric duct

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21
Q

What does the fusion of the mesonephric and paramesonephric ducts form?

A

Uterine tubes
Uterus
Cervix
Upper vagina

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22
Q

In XY, the genital tubercle develops into:

A

: the penis

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23
Q

In XY, the urethral folds come together to form:

A

: the shaft of the penis

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24
Q

In XY, the genital swellings form the:

A

: scrotum

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25
Q

In XX, the genital tubercle becomes the:

A

: clitoris

26
Q

In XX, the urethral folds become the:

A

: labia minoris

27
Q

In XX, the genital swellings become the:

A

: labia majoris

28
Q

Where are the testes located?

A

In the scrotum

29
Q

Testes contents:

A

: lobuli testes with seminiferous tubules -> straight tubules -> rete testes

30
Q

What do the seminiferous tubules do?

A

Produce the spermatozoa

31
Q

What types of cells are within the seminiferous tubule?

A

Sertoli cells

Spermatozoa is

32
Q

What do Sertoli cells do?

A

Have tight junctions that divide the systemic blood supply from spermatogonia

33
Q

What do spermatogonia do?

A

Produce spermatozoa

34
Q

What divides the seminiferous tubules?

A

The septa of the testes

35
Q

What are the septa of the testes?

A

Extensions of tunica albuginea

36
Q

Drainage pathway starting with rete testes:

A

: rete testes -> epididymis -> muscular vas deferens -> spermatic cord -> seminal vesicles -> ejaculatory duct -> prostate gland -> urethra

37
Q

What do the seminal vesicles do?

A

Produce alanine fluid that mixes with spermatozoa to form ejaculate

38
Q

What joins together to form the ejaculatory duct?

A

Seminal vesicles

Ductus deferens

39
Q

What surrounds the ovaries?

A

Tunica albuginea

40
Q

The ovaries contain an obvious _____ and _____.

A

Cortex

Medulla

41
Q

What houses the oogenia?

A

The ovary cortex

42
Q

How are primary oocytes formed?

A

Cell division of the oogenia

43
Q

What surrounds the primary oocytes?

A

Stratified layer of epithelial follicular cells -> primary follicle cell

44
Q

What mediates the development of follicles?

A

FSH

45
Q

What causes mature follicles to rupture?

A

LH

46
Q

What’s released when mature follicles rupture?

A

Oocytes

Attendant follicular cells

47
Q

Where are the contents of the ruptured mature follicular cell released?

A

Muscular oviduct, Fallopian tube

48
Q

What type of epithelium lines the oviduct?

A

Simple ciliated columnar epithelium

49
Q

Which way do the cilia of the oviduct beat?

A

Toward the uterus, to move the oocyte for implantation

50
Q

What are peg cells?

A

Cells within oviduct that provide nourishment for spermatozoa and oocytes

51
Q

What is the corpus hemmorhagicum?

A

Part of the remaining follicular material after rupture

52
Q

What is corpus luteum?

A

Part of the remaining follicular material that a few days after rupture

53
Q

What does the corpus luteum secrete?

A

Progesterone, then estrogen

54
Q

What helps to control the sloughing of the endometrium of the uterus?

A

Corpus luteum secretions

55
Q

The ovary medulla interstitial cells secrete:

A

: estrogen

56
Q

The three layers of the uterus are the:

A

: perimetrium, myometrium, endometrium

57
Q

The two layers of the endometrium:

A

Stratum basale

Stratum functionalis

58
Q

Which layer of the endometrium remains intact thru menstrual cycle?

A

Stratum basale

59
Q

Which layer of the endometrium sloughs and rebuilds during the cycle?

A

Stratum functionalis

60
Q

What type of epithelium makes up the cervix of the uterus?

A

Simple columnar epithelium

61
Q

What does the cervix do?

A

Secrete serous secretion that lubricates the vagina

62
Q

The wall of the vagina contains:

A
  • stratified squamous epithelium mucosa
  • smooth muscle muscularis
  • adventitia

Opt 122: Anatomy, Histology, and Physiology II (16 decks)

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