Ch1-P2-6

Question 1

What is psychology

Answer 1

Scientific study of behaviour of individuals and their mental processes

Question 2

Critical parts of psychology definition or four components of definition

Answer 2

Scientific , behaviour , individual , mental

Question 3

Scientific method

Answer 3

Orderly steps to analyse and solve problems Procedures used for gathering and interpreting objective information in a way that minimises error and yields dependable results

Question 4

Behaviour

Answer 4

Means by which organisms adjust to environment

Question 5

Behavioural data

Answer 5

Observational reports about the behaviour of organisms and the conditions under which the behaviour occurs or changes

Question 6

Level of analysis

Answer 6

From broadest most global level to most minute specific level

Question 7

Herman Ebbinghaus

Answer 7

(1858 - 1909) German One of first experimental psychologists In 1908 wrote ‘psychology has a long past but only a short history’

Question 8

Classical Greek philosophers and questions posed

Answer 8

Plato (427-347 BC) Aristotle (384-322 BC) Questions they posed: How does mind work? What is nature of free will? Etc

Question 9

Empiricism or empiricist view

Answer 9

is a theory of knowledge that asserts that knowledge comes only or primarily from sensory experience People begin life with people as blank tablet Mind acquires information through world experiences

Question 10

Empiricist view person

Answer 10

John Locke (1632-1704)

Question 11

Nativist view

Answer 11

People begin life with mental structures that provide constraints on how they experience the world In the field of psychology, nativism is the view that certain skills or abilities are ‘native’ or hard wired into the brain at birth. This is in contrast to empiricism, the ‘blank slate’ or tabula rasa view, which states that the brain has inborn capabilities for learning from the environment but does not contain content such as innate beliefs

Question 12

Who fully developed nativist view

Answer 12

Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) Fully developed view in 18th century, roots traced to Plato. He was a German philosopher from Königsberg in Prussia who researched, lectured and wrote on philosophy and anthropology during the Enlightenment at the end of the 18th century.

Question 13

Critical figure in evolution of modern psychology who founded first formal experimental psychology laboratory

Answer 13

Wilhelm Wundt (1832-1920) Laboratory founded in Leipzig Germany in 1879.

He was was a German physician, psychologist, physiologist, philosopher, and professor, known today as one of the founding figures of modern psychology.

Question 14

Wilhelm Wundt book

Answer 14

Principles of Physiological Psychology

Question 15

One of first psychologists in US

Answer 15

Edward Titchener (1867-1927) Founded lab at Cornell University in 1892

Edward Bradford Titchener D.Sc., Ph.D., LL.D., Litt.D. was a British psychologist who studied under Wilhelm Wundt for several years.

Question 16

Who wrote one of most important psychology texts ever written and name

Answer 16

William James (1842-1910) American The Principles of Psychology (1890/1950) He was the brother of novelist Henry James and of diarist Alice James

He was an American philosopher and psychologist who had trained as a physician. He was the first educator to offer a psychology course in the United States.

Question 17

Who founded American Psychological Association

Answer 17

G. Stanley Hall in 1892. He was a pioneering American psychologist and educator. His interests focused on childhood development and evolutionary theory.