GI infections- NOT comprehensive, just surprises

Question 1

What is the most common food borne bacteria to cause illness? Second most common>

Answer 1

salmonella, then campylobacter

Question 2

What is the treatment for salmonella?

Answer 2

self-limited in normal ppl, but give fluoroquinolone for immunocompromised, people younger than 2 (and possibly also people older than 50), people with bone prosthesis at risk for osteomyelitis

Question 3

What bugs carry risk for HUS?

Answer 3

Ecoli O157:H7, shigella

Question 4

What is the treatment for shigella?

Answer 4

often self-limited, but give ciprofloxacin or TMP-SMX if severe

Question 5

What is the treatment for cholera?

Answer 5

HYDRATION, and tetracycline or doxycyline decreases the duration of illness

Question 6

What is the clinical manifestation of vibrio parahaemolyticus?

Answer 6

occurs within 24 hrs of ingestion of oysters. self-limited illness- treat with hydration. watery diarrhea

Question 7

What is the clinical manifestation of yersinia enterocolitica?

Answer 7

pork, fresh produce.

causes abd pain, bloody diarrhea, right lower quadrant pain, fever, but is self-limited

Question 8

What are the clinical manifestations of giardia lamblia and what is the treatment?

Answer 8

greasy diarrhea with pain and malaise. cysts and trophozoites in stool. treatment is metronidazole

Question 9

What are the clinical manifestations of entamoeba histolytica and what is the treatment?

Answer 9

bloody diarrhea with abd pain. cysts and trophozoites seen in the stool sample.
tx: metronidazole, paromycin

Question 10

How is cryptosporidium diagnosed and treated?

Answer 10

acid fast stain of stool shows parasites. Give nitazoxanide and control immunosuppression in the immunocompromised

Question 11

What is the clinical manifestation and treatment of trichinella spiralis?

Answer 11

fever, myalgias, periorbital edema, eosinophilia.

Treatment: albendazole, mebendazole if CNS or cardiac symptoms

Question 12

What is the clinical manifestation and treatment of taneia solium?

Answer 12

diarrhea, neurocysticercosis

give praziquantel for intestinal infection; albendazole + steroids for CNS

Question 13

What are causes of bloody diarrhea?

Answer 13

entamoeba histolytica, enterohemorrhagic E coli, shigella and salmonella, yersinia enerocolitica, campylobactr, potentially c diff