3rd 25 Flashcards
(8 cards)
What is Azithromycin’s brand name? Clarithromycin? What is it’s MOA? What is Azithromycin’s dosing? What is Clarithromycin’s dosing?
What special things to know about the macrolides?
What is Cefdinir’s brand name? Cefuroxime’s? Cephalexin? What is their MOA?
What is Cefdinir’s dosing? What is Cefuroxime’s dosing? What is Cephalexin’s dosing?
Zpak, Biaxin. Inhibits RNA-dependent protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit. CAP: 500mg once, then 250mg daily on days 2 to 5 STI: 1g as a single dose(comes as tablet, IV suspension, reconstituted suspension, opthalmic solution). 250-500 mg q12h.
CI’d in Hypersensitivity, History of cholestatic jaundice or hepatic dysfunction with prior macrolide. Clarithromycin CI’d in Use with drugs extensively metabolized by CYP3A4. Use with colchicine in patients with renal or hepatic impairment. Watch for diarrhea, N&V, QT prolongation. Avoid minerals with Zpack.
Omnicef(3rd generation). Ceftin, Zinacef(2nd generation). Keflex(1st generation). Binds to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) which inhibits peptidoglycan synthesis in bacterial cell walls, thus inhibiting cell wall biosynthesis.
300mg q12h(solution and capsule), 250-500 mg q12h(IV, injection, suspension, tablet). 250mg q6h or 500mg q12h. Strep on skin is 500 mg q6h.
What things do you need to know about the Cephalosporin’s?
What is Ciprofloxacin’s brand name? Levofloxacin? Moxifloxacin? What is the fluroquinoline’s MOA?
What is Cipro(Ciprofloxacin) dosing? What is Levaquin’s(Levofloxacin’s) dosing? What is Moxifloxacin’s dosing?
CI’d in hypersensitivity or other beta lactam drugs. Diarrhea, Allergy, Take entire course and with food to avoid upset stomach, Keep Cefdinir at room temp, Take Cefdinir 2 hrs before or after antacid or iron supplements( if taking iron may have red stools).
Cipro or Ciloxan or Otiprio. Levaquin. Avelox or Moxeza or Vigamox. Inhibits DNA-gyrase and promotes breakage of doublestranded DNA.
500-750 mg q12h(IV, Suspension, Tablet, Otic solution, Opthalmic ointment and solution).
500-750 mg once daily(IV, solution, tablet). 400 mg PO or IV once daily(IV, tablet, opthalmic solution).
What special things to know about the Fluroquinolines? What is their BBW? What special things to know about the Fluroquinolines?
What is Clindamycin’s brand name? MOA? Dosing? Things to remember?
What is Doxycycline’s brand name? What is Minocycline’s brand name? MOA?
CI’d in hypersensitivity and concurrent use of Tizanadine. Tendinitis, Peripheral neuropathy, and CNS effects, Exacerbation of myasthenis gravis. May bind with certain cations. Avoid taking with certain multivitamins and minerals (calcium, aluminum, magnesium, etc.) QTc prolongation Dysglycemia Diarrhea (AAD & CDAD).
Cleocin, Clindacin,Clindesse,Evoclin. Binds to 50S ribosomal subunit resulting in inhibition of protein synthesis. 300-450 mg q6h(Capsule, solution reconstituted, IV, Injection). CI’d in hypersensitivity, BBW of colitis, watch for diarrhea, rash, N&V, take with food if needed.
Adoxa or Monodox or Oracea or Vibramycin or Doryx. Minocin or Solodyn. Inhibits protein synthesis by binding with the 30S ribosomal subunit.
What is Doxycycline’s dosing? Minocycline’s? Special things to know?
What is Metronidazole’s brand name? MOA? Dosing?
What special things to know about Metronidazole(Flagyl)?
100mgq12h(tablet,suspension,capsule). 50-100 mg BID for acne, Infection 200 mg for one day and then 100 mg BID. CI’d in hypersensitivity. Watch for sunlight, Avoid in <8 years old, Adequate fluid intake, esophigitis, diarrhea.
Flagyl, Metrogel(cream or lotion). Causes helical DNA structure breakage. 500-750 mg BID to TID. Trichominiasis: 250mg q 8 hours x 7 days OR 1gm BID x 1 day OR 2gm once as a single dose(capsule,tablet,suspension,IV, gel, cream, lotion, vaginal cream).
CI’d in 1st trimester of pregnancy, use of alcohol within 3 days, use of disulfiram within the past 2 weeks BBW is cardiogenic shock, Avoid alcohol and watch for metallic taste, headache, nausea.
What is Mupirocin’s brand name? MOA? Dosing? Special things to know?
What is Nitrofurantoin’s brand name? MOA? Dosing? Special things to know?
What is Sulfa/Trimethoprim’s brand name? MOA? Dosing? Special things to know?
Bactroban, Binds to bacterial isoleucyl transfer-RNA synthetase resulting in the inhibition of protein synthesis. AAA topically TID(2% cream). CI’d in hypersensitivity, watch for localized stinging or burning sensation, rhinitis, respiratory congestion.
Furadantin,Macrobid,Macrodantin. Inactivates or alters bacterial ribosomal proteins leading to inhibition of protein synthesis, aerobic energy metabolism, DNA, RNA, and cell wall synthesis. 100mg BID for 7 days, 50-100 mg q6h for macrodantin. CI’d in renal problems, history of hepatic dysfunction with Nitrofurantoin’s use. Take with food to avoid GI upset, pulmonary fibrosis with longterm use.
Bactrim and Sulfatrim. Sulfamethoxazole interferes with bacterial folic acid synthesis trimethoprim inhibits bacterial folic acid metabolism. 800/160 q12-24 h. Steven johnsons syndrome, photosensitivity, drink plenty of water, diarrhea. No dofetilide, bad kidneys and liver, or use with megaloblastic anemia.
What is Darunavir’s brand name? Emtrictibine, Tenofovir, and Efavirenz? Tenofovir, Alafenamide, and Emtrictibine? What is their MOA? Dosing?
What special things to know about the antiretrovirals?
Prezista. Atripla. Descovy. Binds to the site of protease activity of HIV 1 virus. 75-800 mg tablet and 800 mg once daily for Darunavir(comes in tablet and suspension). Emtrictibine 200, Tenofovir is 300, and Efavirenz is 600. 1 tablet once a day for the others.
CI’d in drugs dependant on CYP3A4 clearance. Watch for increased LDL, Rash, Diarrhea. Hypercholerterolemia and glycemia with the combination, Coadmnistration with voriconazole and BBW hepatitis B coinfection, nausea and bone weakness in the one with Alafenamide.
What are the conjugated estrogens brand name? Ethinyl Estradiol and Estronogesterol? Biphasic? Monophasic? Triphasic? MOA?
What is the dosing and special things to know about the estrogen derivatives?
What is Ibuprofens brand name? Meloxicam? Naproxen? MOA?
Premarin. Nuvaring. Kariva, Mircette, Ortho Novum 10/12. Avianne, Alesse, Loestrin 24 FE, Ortho novum, Ovcon, Ovral, Orthocept, Sprintec, Yasmin, Yas. Ortho tricyclen(Lo), Trisprintec, Trivora. Effects estrogen.
1 ring for 3 weeks and remove for 7 days for Nuvaring. 1 pill daily for the birth control. Conjugated is injection, topical, oral. 0.3-0.625 mg daily for oral, 21 days topical and 7 days off(0.5 g). Watch for weight gain, blood clots, N/V. Watch for cigarette smoke.
Motrin, Advil. Mobic. Aleve, Anaprox, Naprosyn. COX-1 and 2.
What dosing/special things to know about the NSAIDS?
What is Norethindrone’s brand name? MOA? Dosing? Special things to know?
BBW is GI bleeding and cardiovascular events. CI’d in Asthma, Urticaria, CABG surgery. Take with food, nephrotoxicity. Ibuprofen- tablet, capsule, suspension, IV 200-800 mg TID to QID 3200 max daily. Meloxicam- capsule, suspension, 7.5-15 mg once daily,.Naproxen- cream, suspension, tablet, 500-100 mg once or twice daily.
Nor-QD, Camila, Ortho Micronor, Aygestin,Errin, Heather, Jolivette. Suppresses ovulation, Same stuff as estrogens, Dosing is 1 tablet daily(0.35 mg).
